How to format your references using the Urban Habitats citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Urban Habitats. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sarnthein, M. 2011. Paleoclimate. Northern meltwater pulses, CO2, and changes in Atlantic convection. Science (New York, N.Y.) 331(6014): 156–158.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wang, Y. and H. G. Dohlman. 2004. Pheromone signaling mechanisms in yeast: a prototypical sex machine. Science (New York, N.Y.) 306(5701): 1508–1509.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mayadas, A. F., J. Bourne and P. Bacsich. 2009. Online education today. Science (New York, N.Y.) 323(5910): 85–89.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Han, Z. et al. 2014. Strengthening of graphene aerogels with tunable density and high adsorption capacity towards Pb2+. Scientific reports 4: 5025.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fink, J. K. 2016. Metallized and Magnetic Polymers. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Albuquerque, U. P. and R. R. Nóbrega Alves eds. 2016. Introduction to Ethnobiology. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Augustin, M. 2012. Pharmacoeconomics of Occupational Diseases. Pp. 19–26 in Kanerva’s Occupational Dermatology, eds. T. Rustemeyer et al. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Urban Habitats.

Blog post

Carpineti, C. 2017. According To Elon Musk, There’s Only One Way For Humans To Survive The Age Of Artificial Intelligence. IFLScience. Retreived October 30, 2018, from the IFLScience Website: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/according-to-elon-musk-theres-only-one-way-for-humans-to-survive-the-age-of-artificial-intelligence/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2003. Information Technology: Departmental Leadership Crucial to Success of Investment Reforms at Interior. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Garrett, D. 2013. A quantitative study of STEM goal and role alignment across stakeholder leaders in California: Advocacy for application of a systems solution approach. Doctoral dissertation. Malibu, CA: Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Schwartz, J. 2016. Measure in Florida That Claims to Support Solar Power Could Discourage It. New York Times: A17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Sarnthein 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Sarnthein 2011; Wang and Dohlman 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wang and Dohlman 2004)
Three authors: (Mayadas, Bourne and Bacsich 2009)
4 or more authors: (Han et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Urban Habitats
ISSN (online)	1541-7115
Scope