How to format your references using the Urban Habitats citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Urban Habitats. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Scharfman, H. E. 2015. Neuroscience. Metabolic control of epilepsy. Science (New York, N.Y.) 347(6228): 1312–1313.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pimm, S. L. and J. H. Brown. 2004. Ecology. Domains of diversity. Science (New York, N.Y.) 304(5672): 831–833.

A journal article with 3 authors

Del Bene, F., K. Tessmar-Raible and J. Wittbrodt. 2004. Direct interaction of geminin and Six3 in eye development. Nature 427(6976): 745–749.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Smith, L. C. et al. 2004. Siberian peatlands a net carbon sink and global methane source since the early Holocene. Science (New York, N.Y.) 303(5656): 353–356.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

André, É. and R. Soulat. 2013. The Inverse Method. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Wang, J., M. Kosaka and K. Xing eds. 2016. Manufacturing Servitization in the Asia-Pacific. Singapore: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Aloupis, G. et al. 2011. Common Unfoldings of Polyominoes and Polycubes. Pp. 44–54 in Computational Geometry, Graphs and Applications: 9th International Conference, CGGA 2010, Dalian, China, November 3-6, 2010, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, eds. J. Akiyama et al. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Urban Habitats.

Blog post

Taub, B. 2016. Here’s How The World’s Surface Water Has Shifted In The Last 30 Years. IFLScience. Retreived October 30, 2018, from the IFLScience Website: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/heres-how-worlds-surface-water-shifted-last-30-years/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2007. Federal Transit Benefits Program: Ineffective Controls Result in Fraud and Abuse by Federal Workers. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Parihar, R. 2004. Characterization of the Natural Killer Cell Cytokine Response to Antibody-Coated Tumor Cells. Doctoral dissertation. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stellin, S. 2013. The Border Is a Back Door for U.S. Device Searches. New York Times: B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Scharfman 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Scharfman 2015; Pimm and Brown 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pimm and Brown 2004)
Three authors: (Del Bene, Tessmar-Raible and Wittbrodt 2004)
4 or more authors: (Smith et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Urban Habitats
ISSN (online)	1541-7115
Scope