How to format your references using the Tumor Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Tumor Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Gewin V. Groundbreaking research. Nature. 2002;420:4–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Viscidi RP, Shah KV. Cancer. A skin cancer virus? Science. 2008;319:1049–50.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Neutel A-M, Heesterbeek JAP, De Ruiter PC. Stability in real food webs: weak links in long loops. Science. 2002;296:1120–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Sekanina Z, Brownlee DE, Economou TE, Tuzzolino AJ, Green SF. Modeling the nucleus and jets of comet 81P/Wild 2 based on the Stardust encounter data. Science. 2004;304:1769–74.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Ng KK. Complete Guide to Semiconductor Devices. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

1. Rapoport A, Zwick R, editors. Experimental Business Research: Economic and Managerial Perspectives VOLUME II. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Zou L, Larsson L. A Verification and Validation Study Based on Resistance Submissions. In: Larsson L, Stern F, Visonneau M, editors. Numerical Ship Hydrodynamics: An assessment of the Gothenburg 2010 Workshop. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014. p. 203–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Tumor Biology.

Blog post

1. Fang J. A Man’s Arachnophobia Was Literally Cut Out Of His Brain [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/scared-spiders-mans-arachnophobia-was-cut-out-his-brain/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Teenage Prostitution and Child Pornography. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1982 Jun. Report No.: 118734.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Van Vlack KA. Puaxant tuvip: Powerlands Southern Paiute cultural landscapes and pilgrimage trails [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Stuart C, GEORGE BRETHERTON; TONI MONKOVIC; ANDREW DAS; LUIS DELOUREIRO. Breakout Players Of the First Quarter Of the Season. New York Times. 2010 Oct 6;B13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Tumor Biology
Abbreviation	Tumour Biol.
ISSN (print)	1010-4283
ISSN (online)	1423-0380
Scope	General Medicine