How to format your references using the Traffic citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Traffic. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Friedman JM. A war on obesity, not the obese. Science 2003;299:856–858.

A journal article with 2 authors

van den Heuvel MGL, Dekker C. Motor proteins at work for nanotechnology. Science 2007;317:333–336.

A journal article with 3 authors

O’Nions K, Pitman R, Marsh C. Science of nuclear warheads. Nature 2002;415:853–857.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Liu H, Shen X, Tang H, Li J, Xiang T, Yu W. Using microPET imaging in quantitative verification of the acupuncture effect in ischemia stroke treatment. Sci Rep 2013;3:1070.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

D’Amico G, Di Biase G, Janssen J, Manca R. Semi-Markov Migration Models for Credit Risk. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

Philipov D, Liefbroer AC, Klobas JE, editors. Reproductive Decision-Making in a Macro-Micro Perspective. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Kilian T, Walsh G, Buxel H. Measurement of Attitude Toward Private Labels: A Replication and Extension. In: Swoboda B, Morschett D, Rudolph T, Schnedlitz P, Schramm-Klein H, editors. European Retail Research. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag; 2009. p. 69–85.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Traffic.

Blog post

Andrew E. Scientists Develop Water Tractor Beam [Internet]. IFLScience. 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/scientists-develop-water-tractor-beam/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Pipeline Safety: Preliminary Information on the Office of Pipeline Safety’s Actions to Strengthen Its Enforcement Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Branch J. A Case Study of Perceptions and Experiences among African-American Males Regarding College Dropout Rates in a Community College. 2017;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario B. Universal’s Deal for Prince’s Songwriting Rights May Bring a Wider Audience. New York Times. 2016;B6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Traffic
Abbreviation	Traffic
ISSN (print)	1398-9219
ISSN (online)	1600-0854
Scope	Biochemistry Cell Biology Genetics Molecular Biology Structural Biology