How to format your references using the Traffic citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Traffic. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Medlyn BE. Comment on “Drought-induced reduction in global terrestrial net primary production from 2000 through 2009.” Science 2011;333:1093; author reply 1093.

A journal article with 2 authors

Coussens LM, Werb Z. Inflammation and cancer. Nature 2002;420:860–867.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang W, Kawamata H, Liu K. CH stretching excitation in the early barrier F + CHD3 reaction inhibits CH bond cleavage. Science 2009;325:303–306.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Gally C, Eimer S, Richmond JE, Bessereau J-L. A transmembrane protein required for acetylcholine receptor clustering in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 2004;431:578–582.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Moeller R. IT Audit, Control, and Security. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Janas J, Kurasov P, Naboko S, Laptev A, Stolz G, editors. Methods of Spectral Analysis in Mathematical Physics: Conference on Operator Theory, Analysis and Mathematical Physics (OTAMP) 2006, Lund, Sweden. Basel: Birkhäuser; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Potter GB, Gibbs JC, Robbins M, Langdon PE. Equipping with Skills to Manage Anger and Correct Thinking Errors. In: Gibbs JC, Robbins M, Langdon PE, editors. A Comprehensive Cognitive Behavioral Program for Offenders: Responsible Adult Culture. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 141–182.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Traffic.

Blog post

Hale T. Stick Man Drawing Moves Around When Splashed With Water [Internet]. IFLScience. 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/stick-man-drawing-moves-around-when-splashed-with-water/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Transportation Security: Efforts to Strengthen Aviation and Surface Transportation Security are Under Way, but Challenges Remain. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nakano AM. Community college swirlers and the transfer function. 2012;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. Use Any Color Shopping Bag, So Long as It’s Red. New York Times. 2002;145.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Traffic
Abbreviation	Traffic
ISSN (print)	1398-9219
ISSN (online)	1600-0854
Scope	Biochemistry Cell Biology Genetics Molecular Biology Structural Biology