How to format your references using the Theory and Decision citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Theory and Decision. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

White, S. H. (2007). Biochemistry. Crowds of syntaxins. Science (New York, N.Y.), 317(5841), 1045–1046.

A journal article with 2 authors

Charron, S., & Koechlin, E. (2010). Divided representation of concurrent goals in the human frontal lobes. Science (New York, N.Y.), 328(5976), 360–363.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rainville, S., Thompson, J. K., & Pritchard, D. E. (2004). An ion balance for ultra-high-precision atomic mass measurements. Science (New York, N.Y.), 303(5656), 334–338.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Liu, X., He, B., Wang, Z., Tang, H., Su, T., & Wang, Q. (2014). Tough nanocomposite ionogel-based actuator exhibits robust performance. Scientific reports, 4, 6673.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Morris, A. S. (2006). ISO 14000 Environmental Management Standards. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Yu, D., & Hung, M.-C. (Eds.). (2007). Breast Cancer Chemosensitivity (Vol. 608). New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Chtcherbakov, A., Bloxam, R., Yap, D., Fraser, D., Reid, N., & Wong, S. (2006). Models-3/CMAQ Simulations to Estimate Transboundary Influences on Ozone and Particulate Matter Concentrations Over Ontario in Spring – Summer 1998. In C. Borrego & A.-L. Norman (Eds.), Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XVII (pp. 41–47). Boston, MA: Springer US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Theory and Decision.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2017, March 28). Norway Wants To Build The World’s First Full-Scale Ship Tunnel. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1980). Staffing Implications of Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System and Remote Sensing Activities (No. PSAD-80-47). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Moore, A. M. (2010). Assessing the demand for simplified stormwater modeling tools within the design profession to facilitate the adoption of sustainable stormwater practices (Doctoral dissertation). Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, M. (2014, January 23). Organizer Says It Will Reinstate Appearance Fees for Top Racers. New York Times, p. B14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (White 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Charron and Koechlin 2010; White 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Charron and Koechlin 2010)
Three or more authors: (Liu et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Theory and Decision
Abbreviation	Theory Decis.
ISSN (print)	0040-5833
ISSN (online)	1573-7187
Scope	Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Computer Science Applications General Decision Sciences General Economics, Econometrics and Finance Applied Psychology Developmental and Educational Psychology General Social Sciences