How to format your references using the Theoretical Population Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Theoretical Population Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Scully, T., 2013. Tuberculosis. Nature 502, S1.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hol, F.J.H., Dekker, C., 2014. Zooming in to see the bigger picture: microfluidic and nanofabrication tools to study bacteria. Science 346, 1251821.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bloom, J.D., Gong, L.I., Baltimore, D., 2010. Permissive secondary mutations enable the evolution of influenza oseltamivir resistance. Science 328, 1272–1275.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Beatty, G.L., Chiorean, E.G., Fishman, M.P., Saboury, B., Teitelbaum, U.R., Sun, W., Huhn, R.D., Song, W., Li, D., Sharp, L.L., Torigian, D.A., O’Dwyer, P.J., Vonderheide, R.H., 2011. CD40 agonists alter tumor stroma and show efficacy against pancreatic carcinoma in mice and humans. Science 331, 1612–1616.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Joseph, C.L., Bernal, S., 2016. Modern Devices. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Walker, R.H., Saiki, S., Danek, A. (Eds.), 2008. Neuroacanthocytosis Syndromes II. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Brown, K., Laue, M., Tafur, J., Mahmood, M.N., Scherrer, P., Keast, R., 2014. An Integrated Approach to Strategic Asset Management, in: Gheorghe, A.V., Masera, M., Katina, P.F. (Eds.), Infranomics: Sustainability, Engineering Design and Governance, Topics in Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 57–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Theoretical Population Biology.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2015. Self-Healing Concrete Repairs Its Own Cracks [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2006. National Airspace System Modernization: Observations on Potential Funding Options for FAA and the Next Generation Airspace System (No. GAO-06-1114T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Jozwiak, A.L., 2012. Social work internship stipend program: A grant proposal (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario, B., 2016. Dylan’s Tapes Find a Direction Home. New York Times C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Scully, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Hol and Dekker, 2014; Scully, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hol and Dekker, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Beatty et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Theoretical Population Biology
Abbreviation	Theor. Popul. Biol.
ISSN (print)	0040-5809
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics