How to format your references using the The Southern African Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Southern African Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management (SAJESBM). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lea, D.W., 2014, ‘Oceans. Not so permanent El Niño’, Science (New York, N.Y.), 344(6179), 52–53.

A journal article with 2 authors

Huey, R.B. & Ward, P.D., 2005, ‘Hypoxia, global warming, and terrestrial late Permian extinctions’, Science (New York, N.Y.), 308(5720), 398–401.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lee, S., Bluemle, M.J. & Bates, F.S., 2010, ‘Discovery of a Frank-Kasper sigma phase in sphere-forming block copolymer melts’, Science (New York, N.Y.), 330(6002), 349–353.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Paul, A., Elias, C.B., Shum-Tim, D. & Prakash, S., 2013, ‘Bioactive baculovirus nanohybrids for stent based rapid vascular re-endothelialization’, Scientific reports, 3, 2366.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pozen, R., Hamacher, T. & Phillips, D., 2011, The Fund Industry, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Ncube, M., 2016, Global Growth and Financial Spillovers and the South African Macro-economy, Palgrave Macmillan UK, London.

A chapter in an edited book

Goin, F.J., Woodburne, M.O., Zimicz, A.N., Martin, G.M. & Chornogubsky, L., 2016, ‘Evolutionary Contexts’, in M. Woodburne, A.N. Zimicz, G.M. Martin & L. Chornogubsky (eds.), A Brief History of South American Metatherians: Evolutionary Contexts and Intercontinental Dispersals, Springer Earth System Sciences., pp. 125–154, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Southern African Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014, Researchers Strap Weighted Tail to Chickens to Understand Dinosaur Movements, IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1989, Adolph T. Samuelson, 1946-1975, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Thomas, L.E., 2017, Youth Art Ambassadors: A Youth Participatory Action Research Project Using Social Justice to Incite Change in Classrooms where Teachers Teach Young People of Color – PhD thesis, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA .

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lee, L., 2007, Coziness, With Good Lines, New York Times, p. F3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lea 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Huey & Ward 2005; Lea 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Huey & Ward 2005)
Three or more authors: (Paul et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	The Southern African Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management
ISSN (print)	2522-7343
ISSN (online)	2071-3185
Scope