How to format your references using the The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bonetta L. Protein purification: protein purification for structural proteomics. Nature 2006;439:1018.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gomberg J, Johnson P. Seismology: dynamic triggering of earthquakes. Nature 2005;437:830.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mora C, Danovaro R, Loreau M. Alternative hypotheses to explain why biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships are concave-up in some natural ecosystems but concave-down in manipulative experiments. Sci Rep 2014;4:5427.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Shaw DE, Maragakis P, Lindorff-Larsen K, et al. Atomic-level characterization of the structural dynamics of proteins. Science 2010;330:341–346.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Institute of Management and Administration (IOMA). Cost Reduction and Control Best Practices. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012.

An edited book

Woolf NJ. Nanoneuroscience: Structural and Functional Roles of the Neuronal Cytoskeleton in Health and Disease. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Almeida J, Rodaro E. Semisimple Synchronizing Automata and the Wedderburn-Artin TheoryIn: Shur AM, Volkov MV, eds. Developments in Language Theory: 18th International Conference, DLT 2014, Ekaterinburg, Russia, August 26-29, 2014. Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014:49–60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.

Blog post

Andrews R. New “Watchlist” For Left-Leaning Academics Is Both Moronic And Frightening. IFLScience . Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/new-watchlist-leftleaning-academics-moronic-frightening/. 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Elementary and Secondary Education: Ed-Flex States Vary in Implementation of Waiver Process. HEHS-99-17, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, November 13, 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wellman TE. Employment Discrimination against Military Spouses: Illegal Contrary to Popular Belief and Practice. Doctoral Dissertation, George Washington University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum MM. A Network vs. the President. New York Times, July 6, 2017, B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology
ISSN (print)	1598-9992
ISSN (online)	2233-6869
Scope