How to format your references using the The Egyptian Journal of Critical Care Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Egyptian Journal of Critical Care Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Mathur N. The physics detective: Schrödinger’s mousetrap. Part 2. Nature 2005;433:363.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

De Angelis H, Skvarca P. Glacier surge after ice shelf collapse. Science 2003;299:1560–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Hunte C, Zickermann V, Brandt U. Functional modules and structural basis of conformational coupling in mitochondrial complex I. Science 2010;329:448–51.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Rosebeck S, Madden L, Jin X, Gu S, Apel IJ, Appert A, et al. Cleavage of NIK by the API2-MALT1 fusion oncoprotein leads to noncanonical NF-kappaB activation. Science 2011;331:468–72.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Wootton RJ, Smith C. Reproductive Biology of Teleost Fishes. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Negro RWD, Goldberg AI, editors. Ossigenoterapia domiciliare a lungo termine in Italia: Il valore aggiunto della telemedicina. Milano: Springer; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Barkeshli K, Khorasani S. Wave Harmonics and Guided Waves. In: Khorasani S, editor. Advanced Electromagnetics and Scattering Theory, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015, p. 109–210.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Egyptian Journal of Critical Care Medicine.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Desert Beetles “Drink” Fog. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Challenge: Concerns About Compliance Information on Biomedical Equipment. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Markarian LA. Strengths, challenges, and quality of life of ALS caregivers. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Lipton E, Eder S, Protess B. Ethical Hazards Dot the President’s Fairways. New York Times 2017:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Egyptian Journal of Critical Care Medicine
ISSN (print)	2090-7303
Scope