How to format your references using the The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Morrison P. Tales behind the tags. Nature. 2001 Oct 4;413(6855):461.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bandyopadhyay PR, Hansen JC. Breakup and then makeup: a predictive model of how cilia self-regulate hardness for posture control. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1956.

A journal article with 3 authors

Efeyan A, Comb WC, Sabatini DM. Nutrient-sensing mechanisms and pathways. Nature. 2015 Jan 15;517(7534):302–10.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Radic S, Geitner NK, Podila R, Käkinen A, Chen P, Ke PC, et al. Competitive binding of natural amphiphiles with graphene derivatives. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2273.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Memming R. Semiconductor Electrochemistry. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2015.

An edited book

Nichol R, editor. Growing up Indigenous: Developing Effective Pedagogy for Education and Development. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2011. XX, 170 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Castellano G, Torsello MA. How to Derive Fuzzy User Categories for Web Personalization. In: Castellano G, Jain LC, Fanelli AM, editors. Web Personalization in Intelligent Environments. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 65–79. (Kacprzyk J, editor. Studies in Computational Intelligence).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy.

Blog post

Andrew E. Astronaut Photographs Explosions Over Israel And Gaza From Space [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/astronaut-photographs-explosions-over-israel-and-gaza-space/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. HHS Ability To Effectively Implement Incentive Funding for State Information Systems in the Aid to Families With Dependent Children Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1981 Jun. Report No.: HRD-81-119.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cappell SD. Systematic analysis of essential genes reveals new regulators of G protein signaling [Doctoral dissertation]. [Chapel Hill, NC]: University of North Carolina; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Mcmasters K. The Nuclear Neighborhood. New York Times. 2006 Nov 12;LI15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Abbreviation	Can. J. Hosp. Pharm.
ISSN (print)	0008-4123
ISSN (online)	1920-2903
Scope	Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacy

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