How to format your references using the Synergy Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Synergy Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Leovy C. Weather and climate on Mars. Nature 2001;412:245–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Hoshi E, Tanji J. Integration of target and body-part information in the premotor cortex when planning action. Nature 2000;408:466–70.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Yuan F, Depew R, Soltis-Muth C. Ecosystem regime change inferred from the distribution of trace metals in Lake Erie sediments. Sci Rep 2014;4:7265.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

O’Donovan P, Perrett CM, Zhang X, Montaner B, Xu Y-Z, Harwood CA, et al. Azathioprine and UVA light generate mutagenic oxidative DNA damage. Science 2005;309:1871–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Horstmeyer SL. The Weather Almanac. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Chalamwong Y, Thabchumpon N, Chantavanich S, editors. Temporary Shelters and Surrounding Communities: Livelihood Opportunities, the Labour Market, Social Welfare and Social Security. vol. 15. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Sanz R, Bermejo J, López I, Gómez J. A Real-Time Agent System Perspective of Meaning and Sapience. In: Mayorga RV, Perlovsky LI, editors. Toward Artificial Sapience: Principles and Methods for Wise Systems, London: Springer; 2008, p. 61–73.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Synergy Research.

Blog post

[1]

Carpineti A. A Distant, Dusty Galaxy Reveals What The First Stars Got Up To. IFLScience 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/space/a-distant-dusty-galaxy-reveals-what-the-first-stars-got-up-to/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. ADP Equipment: Revised GSA Strategy for Microcomputer Purchases Can Improve Competition. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1986.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Nuno ZS. Visible and mid-infrared optical studies of plasmon and phonon resonant nanoparticles using apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Brantley B. An Intergalactic Odyssey via Puppets, Puns and Knock-Knock Jokes. New York Times 2016:C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Synergy Research
ISSN (print)	2213-7130
Scope	Cell Biology Molecular Biology Medicine (miscellaneous) Pharmacology (medical)