How to format your references using the Synergy Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Synergy Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Klein J. Chemistry. Repair or replacement--a joint perspective. Science 2009;323:47–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Swinnen J, Squicciarini P. Global food supply. Mixed messages on prices and food security. Science 2012;335:405–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Yin Y, Manoury B, Fåhraeus R. Self-inhibition of synthesis and antigen presentation by Epstein-Barr virus-encoded EBNA1. Science 2003;301:1371–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Taylor SM, Antonia AL, Parobek CM, Juliano JJ, Janko M, Emch M, et al. Plasmodium falciparum sulfadoxine resistance is geographically and genetically clustered within the DR Congo. Sci Rep 2013;3:1165.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Shelby AM, McKune CM. Small Animal Anesthesia Techniques. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Del Brutto OH. Cysticercosis of the Human Nervous System. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Hrvoic I, Newitt LR. Instruments and Methodologies for Measurement of the Earth’s Magnetic Field. In: Mandea M, Korte M, editors. Geomagnetic Observations and Models, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2011, p. 105–26.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Synergy Research.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Informed Consent For Stem Cell Research: Why It Matters And What You Should Know. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. National Highway System: Refinements Would Strengthen the System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Lurz JP. Using Simplified Models and Limited-Horizon Planning to React to Time-Critical Problems. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2019.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Vecsey G. The World Is Watching. New York Times 2012:SP11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Synergy Research
ISSN (print)	2213-7130
Scope	Cell Biology Molecular Biology Medicine (miscellaneous) Pharmacology (medical)