How to format your references using the Sustainability of Water Quality and Ecology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Sustainability of Water Quality and Ecology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pearce, J.M., 2012. Physics: Make nanotechnology research open-source. Nature 491, 519–521.

A journal article with 2 authors

Thompson, D.W., Wallace, J.M., 2001. Regional climate impacts of the Northern Hemisphere annular mode. Science 293, 85–89.

A journal article with 3 authors

Drell, S.D., Shultz, G.P., Andreasen, S.P., 2012. Nuclear safety. A safer nuclear enterprise. Science 336, 1236.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Henry, L.-A., Vad, J., Findlay, H.S., Murillo, J., Milligan, R., Roberts, J.M., 2014. Environmental variability and biodiversity of megabenthos on the Hebrides Terrace Seamount (Northeast Atlantic). Sci. Rep. 4, 5589.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Garg, V.K., 2005. Concurrent and Distributed Computing in Java. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Meyers, M.A., 2011. Meyers’ Dynamic Radiology of the Abdomen: Normal and Pathologic Anatomy, 6th ed. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Blake, D., Lehmann, B.N., Timmermann, A., 2016. Performance Clustering and Incentives in the UK Pension Fund Industry, in: Satchell, S. (Ed.), Asset Management: Portfolio Construction, Performance and Returns. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 63–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Sustainability of Water Quality and Ecology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J., 2016. Say Hello To The World’s Smallest Snowman [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/physics/say-hello-to-the-worlds-smallest-snowman/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2007. No Child Left Behind Act: Education Assistance Could Help States Better Measure Progress of Students with Limited English Proficiency (No. GAO-07-646T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cannon, C.A., 2017. Comparison of language arts scores between computerized and teacher differentiation of instruction (Doctoral dissertation). Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Baker, L., 2007. Near Seattle, Tribal Casinos Lead to Even Bigger Bets. New York Times C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pearce, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Pearce, 2012; Thompson and Wallace, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Thompson and Wallace, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Henry et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Sustainability of Water Quality and Ecology
Abbreviation	Sustain. Water Qual. Ecol.
ISSN (print)	2212-6139
Scope	Ecology Water Science and Technology