How to format your references using the Strahlentherapie und Onkologie citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Strahlentherapie und Onkologie. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Albarède F (2009) Volatile accretion history of the terrestrial planets and dynamic implications. Nature 461:1227–1233

A journal article with 2 authors

Kennel C, Dressler A (2014) Space science. Coping with uncertainty in space science planning. Science 343:140–141

A journal article with 3 authors

Unterreithmeier QP, Weig EM, Kotthaus JP (2009) Universal transduction scheme for nanomechanical systems based on dielectric forces. Nature 458:1001–1004

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Ahuja G, Bozorg Nia S, Zapilko V, et al (2014) Kappe neurons, a novel population of olfactory sensory neurons. Sci Rep 4:4037

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pinoli J-C (2014) Mathematical Foundations of Image Processing and Analysis 1. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Trussell LO, Popper AN, Fay RR (2012) Synaptic Mechanisms in the Auditory System. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Farnell J, Crookes PI (2016) Trade. In: Irwin Crookes P (ed) The Politics of EU-China Economic Relations: An Uneasy Partnership. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, pp 69–94

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Strahlentherapie und Onkologie.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Corneas Regrown From Adult Human Stem Cells. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/corneas-regrown-adult-human-stem-cells/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) Electronic Disability Claims Processing: SSA Is Proceeding with Its Accelerated Systems Initiative but Needs to Address Operational Issues. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kingston SE (2012) Genome-wide analysis of divergence and introgression in towhee hybrid zones. Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW (2013) MetLife Will Repatriate an Offshore Reinsurance Unit to Mollify Regulators. New York Times B4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Strahlentherapie und Onkologie
Abbreviation	Strahlenther. Onkol.
ISSN (print)	0179-7158
ISSN (online)	1439-099X
Scope	Oncology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging