How to format your references using the Strahlentherapie und Onkologie citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Strahlentherapie und Onkologie. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Shonkoff JP (2011) Protecting brains, not simply stimulating minds. Science 333:982–983

A journal article with 2 authors

Accardi A, Miller C (2004) Secondary active transport mediated by a prokaryotic homologue of ClC Cl- channels. Nature 427:803–807

A journal article with 3 authors

Gray RD, Drummond AJ, Greenhill SJ (2009) Language phylogenies reveal expansion pulses and pauses in Pacific settlement. Science 323:479–483

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Chiara CJ, Carroll JJ, Carpenter MP, et al (2018) Isomer depletion as experimental evidence of nuclear excitation by electron capture. Nature 554:216–218

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Beach D (1996) The Responsible Conduct of Research. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG

An edited book

Ruffert M (2011) The Global Administrative Law of Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Heinzel FR, Pieske BM (2014) Cardiac Arrhythmias. In: Wakabayashi I, Groschner K (eds) Interdisciplinary Concepts in Cardiovascular Health: Volume III: Cardiovascular Events. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 69–96

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Strahlentherapie und Onkologie.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2016) Hubble Snaps Incredible Photos of Nearby Comet. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1974) Administration of the Office of Education’s Student Financial Aid Program. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Grzeda S (2012) Use of Binomial Cluster Analysis in the Identification of Temporary Disaster Debris Management Sites. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Thrush G, Shear MD, Sullivan E (2017) Former General Taking Control At White House. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Strahlentherapie und Onkologie
Abbreviation	Strahlenther. Onkol.
ISSN (print)	0179-7158
ISSN (online)	1439-099X
Scope	Oncology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging