How to format your references using the Soils and Foundations citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Soils and Foundations. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Baulcombe, D., 2002. DNA events. An RNA microcosm. Science 297, 2002–2003.

A journal article with 2 authors

Silverman, N., Paquette, N., 2008. Immunology. The right resident bugs. Science 319, 734–735.

A journal article with 3 authors

Templeton, C.N., Greene, E., Davis, K., 2005. Allometry of alarm calls: black-capped chickadees encode information about predator size. Science 308, 1934–1937.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Asahara, A., Chen, S., Ito, T., Yoshita, M., Liu, W., Zhang, B., Suemoto, T., Akiyama, H., 2014. Direct generation of 2-ps blue pulses from gain-switched InGaN VCSEL assessed by up-conversion technique. Sci. Rep. 4, 6401.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vagelli, A.A., 2011. The Banggai Cardinalfish. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Antoniou, G., Grobelnik, M., Simperl, E., Parsia, B., Plexousakis, D., Leenheer, P.D., Pan, J. (Eds.), 2011. The Semantic Web: Research and Applications: 8th Extended Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2011, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, May 29-June 2, 2011, Proceedings, Part I, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Spector, T., Fung, C.-C., 2014. Remediation of Physical Exam Skills, in: Kalet, A., Chou, C.L. (Eds.), Remediation in Medical Education: A Mid-Course Correction. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 67–83.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Soils and Foundations.

Blog post

Taub, B., 2016. Adult Ants Take Out Hits On Young Males, Causing Death Squads To Rip Them To Shreds [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/adult-ants-take-out-hits-on-young-males-causing-death-squads-to-rip-them-to-shreds/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2000. Early Education and Care: Overlap Indicates Need to Assess Crosscutting Programs (No. HEHS-00-78). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Richey, B., 2014. Exploration of a Tandem Diels-Alder Ugi-Smiles Reaction (Doctoral dissertation). Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M.W., 2011. Robert A. Pritzker, 85; Led Family Business. New York Times B8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Baulcombe, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Baulcombe, 2002; Silverman and Paquette, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Silverman and Paquette, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Asahara et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Soils and Foundations
ISSN (print)	0038-0806
Scope	Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Civil and Structural Engineering