How to format your references using the Social Networks citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Social Networks. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sontheimer, H., 2015. Brain cancer: Tumour cells on neighbourhood watch. Nature 528, 49–50.

A journal article with 2 authors

Coussens, L.M., Werb, Z., 2002. Inflammation and cancer. Nature 420, 860–867.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rawson, P.D., Yund, P.O., Lindsay, S.M., 2007. Comment on “Divergent induced responses to an invasive predator in marine mussel populations.” Science 316, 53; author reply 53.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Whitney, H.M., Kolle, M., Andrew, P., Chittka, L., Steiner, U., Glover, B.J., 2009. Floral iridescence, produced by diffractive optics, acts as a cue for animal pollinators. Science 323, 130–133.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schlechty, P.C., 2009. Leading for Learning. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA, USA.

An edited book

Zhu, M. (Ed.), 2011. Information and Management Engineering: International Conference, ICCIC 2011, Wuhan, China, September 17-18, 2011. Proceedings, Part VI, Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Austin, B., Austin, D.A., 2016. Aeromonadaceae Representative (Aeromonas salmonicida), in: Austin, D.A. (Ed.), Bacterial Fish Pathogens: Disease of Farmed and Wild Fish, Research Report, United States Fisheries and Wildlife Service. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 215–321.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Social Networks.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Self-Healing Robot Can Adapt To Injury Within Minutes [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/technology/robots-can-adapt-injury-within-minutes/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1977. Proposed Legislation to Fund and Establish a Nonprofit National Center for Long-Term Environmental Research (No. B-140579). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Starr, M.J., 2015. Tests for Positive Selection on Genes Encoding Heat Shock Proteins in the Marine Slipper Snail, Crepidula fornicata (Doctoral dissertation). University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gustines, G.G., 2012. In New Digital Comics, Each Tap Holds a Surprise. New York Times F5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Sontheimer, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Coussens and Werb, 2002; Sontheimer, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Coussens and Werb, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Whitney et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Social Networks
Abbreviation	Soc. Networks
ISSN (print)	0378-8733
Scope	General Psychology General Social Sciences Sociology and Political Science Anthropology