How to format your references using the Safety citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Safety. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Surani, M.A. Reprogramming of Genome Function through Epigenetic Inheritance. Nature 2001, 414, 122–128.

A journal article with 2 authors

Neale, M.J.; Keeney, S. Clarifying the Mechanics of DNA Strand Exchange in Meiotic Recombination. Nature 2006, 442, 153–158.

A journal article with 3 authors

del Campo, A.; Boshier, M.G.; Saxena, A. Bent Waveguides for Matter-Waves: Supersymmetric Potentials and Reflectionless Geometries. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 5274.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Maximov, A.; Tang, J.; Yang, X.; Pang, Z.P.; Südhof, T.C. Complexin Controls the Force Transfer from SNARE Complexes to Membranes in Fusion. Science 2009, 323, 516–521.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Collins, D. Magic in the Ancient Greek World; Blackwell Publishing Ltd: Oxford, UK, 2008; ISBN 9780470696453.

An edited book

Micromechanics and Microactuators: Proceedings of MAMM 2010, Aachen, Germany, May 27-29, 2010; Ananthasuresh, G.K., Corves, B., Petuya, V., Eds.; Mechanisms and Machine Science; Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2012; Vol. 2; ISBN 9789400727205.

A chapter in an edited book

Ricciardi, F. ICTs in an Ageing Society: An Overview of Emerging Research Streams. In Management of the Interconnected World: ItAIS: The Italian Association for Information Systems; D’Atri, A., De Marco, M., Braccini, A.M., Cabiddu, F., Eds.; Physica-Verlag HD: Heidelberg, 2010; pp. 37–44 ISBN 9783790824032.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Safety.

Blog post

Davis, J. For Male Chimpanzees, It Pays To Have Friends In High Places Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/for-male-chimpanzees-it-pays-to-have-friends-in-high-places/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Federal Research: Information on the Advanced Technology Program’s Award Selection; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1999;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mayorga, J. MSW Students’ Perception of Mental Health Competence. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B. Seizing the Day, Hankie in Hand. New York Times 2016, C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Safety
Abbreviation	Safety (Basel)
ISSN (online)	2313-576X
Scope