How to format your references using the Safety citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Safety. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zender, L. Cancer: Interference Identifies Immune Modulators. Nature 2014, 506, 39–40.

A journal article with 2 authors

Murakami, M.; Kouyama, T. Crystal Structure of Squid Rhodopsin. Nature 2008, 453, 363–367.

A journal article with 3 authors

Balazs, A.C.; Emrick, T.; Russell, T.P. Nanoparticle Polymer Composites: Where Two Small Worlds Meet. Science 2006, 314, 1107–1110.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Takamoto, D.Y.; Aydil, E.; Zasadzinski, J.A.; Ivanova, A.T.; Schwartz, D.K.; Yang, T.; Cremer, P.S. Stable Ordering in Langmuir-Blodgett Films. Science 2001, 293, 1292–1295.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety Guidelines for Chemical Transportation Safety, Security, and Risk Management; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2008; ISBN 9780470924860.

An edited book

Business Relationship Management and Marketing: Mastering Business Markets; Kleinaltenkamp, M., Plinke, W., Geiger, I., Eds.; Springer Texts in Business and Economics; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2015; ISBN 9783662438558.

A chapter in an edited book

Yannopoulos, D.; Nadkarni, V.M. Regional Circulations. In Pediatric Critical Care Study Guide: Text and Review; Lucking, S.E., Maffei, F.A., Tamburro, R.F., Thomas, N.J., Eds.; Springer: London, 2012; pp. 65–93 ISBN 9780857299222.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Safety.

Blog post

Fang, J. New Tiniest Snail Smashes Month-Old World Record (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Cost Information on the Desegregation of the School Systems in Mobile County and Wilcox County, Alabama; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1972;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wen, J. Moving Office Document Processing into the Cloud. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY, J.C., Jr New York City Scraps 644,000 Old Warrants for Minor Offenses. New York Times 2017, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Safety
Abbreviation	Safety (Basel)
ISSN (online)	2313-576X
Scope