How to format your references using the Rare Cancers and Therapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Rare Cancers and Therapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Butler D. The fertility riddle. Nature. 2004;432:38–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Beuther H, Schilke P. Fragmentation in massive star formation. Science. 2004;303:1167–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Hu H, Martina M, Jonas P. Dendritic mechanisms underlying rapid synaptic activation of fast-spiking hippocampal interneurons. Science. 2010;327:52–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Finger TE, Danilova V, Barrows J, Bartel DL, Vigers AJ, Stone L, et al. ATP signaling is crucial for communication from taste buds to gustatory nerves. Science. 2005;310:1495–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Ness L. Securing Utility and Energy Infrastructures. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2006.

An edited book

1. Lee R, editor. Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing. Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Mucherino A, Papajorgji PJ, Pardalos PM. k-Nearest Neighbor Classification. In: Papajorgji PJ, Pardalos PM, editors. Data Mining in Agriculture. New York, NY: Springer; 2009. p. 83–106.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Rare Cancers and Therapy.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. The Big Sleep: Science Is Waking Up To The Curious Story Of Narcolepsy [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/big-sleep-science-waking-curious-story-narcolepsy/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. National Airspace System: Assessment of FAA’s Efforts to Augment the Global Positioning System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1995 Jun. Report No.: T-RCED-95-219.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Truong T. Microfluidics-based system for high-throughput analysis of nitrite in harbor water [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Hubbard B. A Clown and a Correspondent Join the Global Elite. New York Times. 2017 Jan 19;A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Rare Cancers and Therapy
ISSN (print)	2195-6014
ISSN (online)	2195-6022
Scope