How to format your references using the Rare Cancers and Therapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Rare Cancers and Therapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Knight D. Kinds of minds. Nature. 2007;447:149.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Flatt T, Promislow DEL. Physiology. Still pondering an age-old question. Science. 2007;318:1255–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Gershenfeld N, Samouhos S, Nordman B. Engineering. Intelligent infrastructure for energy efficiency. Science. 2010;327:1086–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Spahn CM, Kieft JS, Grassucci RA, Penczek PA, Zhou K, Doudna JA, et al. Hepatitis C virus IRES RNA-induced changes in the conformation of the 40s ribosomal subunit. Science. 2001;291:1959–62.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Valizadeh P. Field Effect Transistors, A Comprehensive Overview. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2016.

An edited book

1. Gadow K von, Pukkala T, editors. Designing Green Landscapes. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Vinocur DN, Medina LS. Imaging in the Evaluation of Children with Suspected Craniosynostosis. In: Medina LS, Applegate KE, Blackmore CC, editors. Evidence-Based Imaging in Pediatrics: Optimizing Imaging in Pediatric Patient Care. New York, NY: Springer; 2010. p. 43–52.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Rare Cancers and Therapy.

Blog post

1. Andrew D. 5 Sources Of Body Odor That Aren’t Just Caused By Sweat [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/5-sources-body-odor-arent-just-caused-sweat/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. NIH Biomedical Research Support Grant Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980 Dec. Report No.: HRD-81-42.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Gomes S. The Lanterman-Petris-Short Act and the effects of deinstitutionalization on the mentally ill [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Dwyer J. Republicans’ Path Recalls a Democratic Disaster at the Garden, in 1924. New York Times. 2016 Mar 16;A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Rare Cancers and Therapy
ISSN (print)	2195-6014
ISSN (online)	2195-6022
Scope