How to format your references using the Publishing Research Quarterly citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Publishing Research Quarterly. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Hogan CJ. Cosmology. The beginning of time. Science. 2002;295:2223–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Jahn R, Fasshauer D. Molecular machines governing exocytosis of synaptic vesicles. Nature. 2012;490:201–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Kalab P, Weis K, Heald R. Visualization of a Ran-GTP gradient in interphase and mitotic Xenopus egg extracts. Science. 2002;295:2452–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Bingel-Erlenmeyer R, Kohler R, Kramer G, Sandikci A, Antolić S, Maier T, et al. A peptide deformylase-ribosome complex reveals mechanism of nascent chain processing. Nature. 2008;452:108–11.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Cofnas A. Trading Binary Options. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

1. Flüchter A, Richter S, editors. Structures on the Move: Technologies of Governance in Transcultural Encounter. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Liu Y, Veksler O, Juan O. Simulating Classic Mosaics with Graph Cuts. In: Yuille AL, Zhu S-C, Cremers D, Wang Y, editors. Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition: 6th International Conference, EMMCVPR 2007, Ezhou, China, August 27-29, 2007 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007. p. 55–70.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Publishing Research Quarterly.

Blog post

1. Hamilton K. We Have A Vaccine For Six Cancers; Why Are Less Than Half Of Kids Getting It? IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Airport Financing: Information on Airport Fees Paid by Airlines. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998 Nov. Report No.: RCED-99-26R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Stroot PG. Novel Reverse Transcription Method Confirms Growth Inhibition of Bacteria Exposed to Domestic Wastewater [Doctoral dissertation]. [Cincinnati, OH]: University of Cincinnati; 2004.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Billard M. Nothing Up His Sleeve, but on It. New York Times. 2010 May 13;E6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Publishing Research Quarterly
Abbreviation	Publ. Res. Q.
ISSN (print)	1053-8801
ISSN (online)	1936-4792
Scope	Business and International Management Management of Technology and Innovation Marketing Computer Science Applications Media Technology Communication