How to format your references using the Public Health Forum citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Public Health Forum. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sönnichsen C. Physics. Detecting intruders on the nanoscale. Science. 2011 Jun 17;332(6036):1389–90.

A journal article with 2 authors

Richter DD Jr, Mobley ML. Environment. Monitoring Earth’s critical zone. Science. 2009 Nov 20;326(5956):1067–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Schefuss E, Schouten S, Schneider RR. Climatic controls on central African hydrology during the past 20,000 years. Nature. 2005 Oct 13;437(7061):1003–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Robinson RD, Sadtler B, Demchenko DO, Erdonmez CK, Wang LW, Alivisatos AP. Spontaneous superlattice formation in nanorods through partial cation exchange. Science. 2007 Jul 20;317(5836):355–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Narayanasamy P. Postharvest Pathogens and Disease Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

Boer FS de, Bonsangue MM, Graf S, Roever WP de, editors. Formal Methods for Components and Objects: 4th International Symposium, FMCO 2005, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, November 1-4, 2005, Revised Lectures. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 4111).

A chapter in an edited book

Kittinger R, Bender J. Methods for Determining the Role of Fatigue and Cognitive Load on Behavior Detection Officers (BDOs) Performance in the Field. In: Schmorrow DD, Fidopiastis CM, editors. Foundations of Augmented Cognition: 9th International Conference, AC 2015, Held as Part of HCI International 2015, Los Angeles, CA, USA, August 2-7, 2015, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 36–43. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Public Health Forum.

Blog post

Andrew E. Robin Williams Had Dementia With Lewy Bodies – So, What Is It And Why Has It Been Eclipsed By Alzheimer’s? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/robin-williams-had-dementia-lewy-bodies-so-what-it-and-why-has-it-been-eclipsed/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Digital Television Transition: Majority of Broadcasters Are Prepared for the DTV Transition, but Some Technical and Coordination Issues Remain. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008 Apr. Report No.: GAO-08-510.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Monk KJ. Effects of distractors and force feedback on an aimed movement task in a CDTI environment [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rosenberg M, Apuzzo M, Schmidt MS. Mueller Pursues Flynn Documents At White House. New York Times. 2017 Aug 5;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Sönnichsen 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Richter and Mobley 2009; Sönnichsen 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Richter and Mobley 2009)
Three or more authors: (Robinson et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Public Health Forum
Abbreviation	Publ. Health For.
ISSN (print)	0944-5587
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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