How to format your references using the Public Health Forum citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Public Health Forum. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Domning DP. The earliest known fully quadrupedal sirenian. Nature. 2001 Oct 11;413(6856):625–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Catterall WA, Scott JD. Retrospective. Edwin G. Krebs (1918-2009). Science. 2010 Jan 29;327(5965):537.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rieseberg LH, Wood TE, Baack EJ. The nature of plant species. Nature. 2006 Mar 23;440(7083):524–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Backus EHG, Eichler A, Kleyn AW, Bonn M. Real-time observation of molecular motion on a surface. Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1790–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dickeson RC. Prioritizing Academic Programs and Services. San Francisco, CA, USA: Jossey-Bass; 2010.

An edited book

Abdi AA, Shultz L, Pillay T, editors. Decolonizing Global Citizenship Education. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Hoffa P, Pawlewski P, Nielsen I. Multimodal Processes Approach to Supply Chain Modeling. In: Omatu S, Bersini H, Corchado JM, Rodríguez S, Pawlewski P, Bucciarelli E, editors. Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence, 11th International Conference. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 29–37. (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Public Health Forum.

Blog post

Andrew D. Alcohol Can Protect Eyewitness Memory. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Digital Broadcast Television Transition: Several Challenges Could Arise in Administering a Subsidy Program for DTV Equipment. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2005 May. Report No.: GAO-05-623T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hertzman R. Yemen’s migrant networks as critical factor in political opposition to the Imamate [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sehgal P. McPhee on McPhee: A Master’s Valedictory Lap. New York Times. 2017 Sep 13;C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Domning 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Domning 2001; Catterall and Scott 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Catterall and Scott 2010)
Three or more authors: (Backus et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Public Health Forum
Abbreviation	Publ. Health For.
ISSN (print)	0944-5587
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health