How to format your references using the Psychopathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Psychopathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Makalowski W. Genomics. Not junk after all. Science. 2003 May;300(5623):1246–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Carr JS, Najita JR. Organic molecules and water in the planet formation region of young circumstellar disks. Science. 2008 Mar;319(5869):1504–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mora C, Danovaro R, Loreau M. Alternative hypotheses to explain why biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships are concave-up in some natural ecosystems but concave-down in manipulative experiments. Sci Rep. 2014 Jun;4:5427.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Marescaux J, Leroy J, Gagner M, Rubino F, Mutter D, Vix M, et al. Transatlantic robot-assisted telesurgery. Nature. 2001 Sep;413(6854):379–80.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Duckert GH. Practical Enterprise Risk Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Simos TE, editor. Recent Advances in Computational and Applied Mathematics. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Xiao R, Hu X. The Macro-Statistic Features of Translational Chinese. In: Hu X, editor. Corpus-Based Studies of Translational Chinese in English-Chinese Translation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2015; pp 67–87.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Psychopathology.

Blog post

Hale T. Ants Use A “Princess Pheromone” To Identify Future Queens [Internet]. IFLScience. 2017 May [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ants-use-a-princess-pheromone-to-identify-future-queens/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Routine Disclosure of Broadcaster Financial Records. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tovar B. A drug and alcohol education and prevention program for Hispanic families: A grant proposal. 2010

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kercher S. Lowriding Culture Goes Global. New York Times. 2015 Dec;ST12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Psychopathology
Abbreviation	Psychopathology
ISSN (print)	0254-4962
ISSN (online)	1423-033X
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology