How to format your references using the Psychopathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Psychopathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mira-Perez J. Spanish university study ignores research. Nature. 2000 Mar;404(6775):222.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ikkala O, ten Brinke G. Functional materials based on self-assembly of polymeric supramolecules. Science. 2002 Mar;295(5564):2407–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

Redhu SK, Castronovo M, Nicholson AW. Digital imprinting of RNA recognition and processing on a self-assembled nucleic acid matrix. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2550.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Gandhi DD, Lane M, Zhou Y, Singh AP, Nayak S, Tisch U, et al. Annealing-induced interfacial toughening using a molecular nanolayer. Nature. 2007 May;447(7142):299–302.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jones P, Burger J. Configuring SAP® ERP Financials and Controlling. Indianapolis, IN, USA: Wiley Publishing, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

Ramaekers S. The Claims of Parenting: Reasons, Responsibility and Society. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Doicu A, Schuh R, Wriedt T. Scattering by particles on or near a plane surface. In: Kokhanovsky AA, editor. Light Scattering Reviews 3: Light Scattering and Reflection. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008; pp 109–30.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Psychopathology.

Blog post

Luntz S. Turing Solves Mystery Of How We Get Fingers And Toes 60 Years After Death [Internet]. IFLScience. 2014 Aug [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/turing-solves-mystery-how-we-get-fingers-and-toes-60-years-after-death/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Job Corps Costs and Outcomes. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cao Y. Morphological and Functional Characterization of the Neurotransmitter GABA in Adult Rat Taste Buds. 2006

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S. Bolshoi Official Raises Attack Questions. New York Times. 2013 Mar;C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Psychopathology
Abbreviation	Psychopathology
ISSN (print)	0254-4962
ISSN (online)	1423-033X
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology