How to format your references using the Psychiatric Clinics of North America citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Psychiatric Clinics of North America (PSC). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kummel AC. Chemistry. How to assemble a molecular junction. Science 2003;302:69–70.

A journal article with 2 authors

Grimmer MR., Costello JF. Cancer: Oncogene brought into the loop. Nature 2016;529:34–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Behrens TEJ., Hunt LT., Rushworth MFS. The computation of social behavior. Science 2009;324:1160–4.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Candille SI., Kaelin CB., Cattanach BM., et al. A -defensin mutation causes black coat color in domestic dogs. Science 2007;318:1418–23.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ghiani G., Laporte G., Musmanno R. Introduction to Logistics Systems Management. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2013.

An edited book

Gibbons J. Generic and Indexed Programming: International Spring School, SSGIP 2010, Oxford, UK, March 22-26, 2010, Revised Lectures. vol. 7470. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Kendall T., Wolfram W. Engagement Through Data Management and Preservation: The North Carolina Language and Life Project and the Sociolinguistic Archive and Analysis Project. In: Corrigan KP, Mearns A, editors. Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora: Volume 3: Databases for Public Engagement. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK; 2016. p. 133–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Psychiatric Clinics of North America.

Blog post

Carpineti A. Jupiter’s Great Red Spot Is Responsible For The Planet’s High Temperature. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/jupiters-great-red-spot-is-responsible-for-the-planets-high-temperature/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Education and Workforce Data: Challenges in Matching Student and Worker Information Raise Concerns about Longitudinal Data Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reller TL. Exploring differences in teacher attitudes and instructional strategies between traditional and block schedule high schools: A comparison of two small schools. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K. Growing More Diverse. New York Times 2008:NJ11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Psychiatric Clinics of North America
Abbreviation	Psychiatr. Clin. North Am.
ISSN (print)	0193-953X
ISSN (online)	1558-3147
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health