How to format your references using the Proceedings citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Proceedings. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Heer, W. SOLID STATE PHYSICS: A Question of Dimensions. Science 2000, 289, 1702–1703.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pimm, S.L.; van Aarde, R.J. African Elephants and Contraception. Nature 2001, 411, 766.

A journal article with 3 authors

Prins, M.W.; Welters, W.J.; Weekamp, J.W. Fluid Control in Multichannel Structures by Electrocapillary Pressure. Science 2001, 291, 277–280.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Mignot, T.; Shaevitz, J.W.; Hartzell, P.L.; Zusman, D.R. Evidence That Focal Adhesion Complexes Power Bacterial Gliding Motility. Science 2007, 315, 853–856.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cowan, J.P. The Effects of Sound on People; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK, 2016; ISBN 9781118895696.

An edited book

Clusters in Nuclei: Volume 1; Beck, C., Ed.; Lecture Notes in Physics; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010; Vol. 818; ISBN 9783642138980.

A chapter in an edited book

Kuder, T. Integrated Leitbilder for Urban Development Policy: The Example of the University and Hanseatic City of Greifswald. In Guiding Principles for Spatial Development in Germany; Strubelt, W., Ed.; German Annual of Spatial Research and Policy; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009; pp. 1–19 ISBN 9783540888383.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Proceedings.

Blog post

Andrew, D. We Will Soon Be Able To Test For Cancer Or Heart Disease As Easily As Pregnancy Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/we-will-soon-be-able-to-test-for-cancer-or-heart-disease-as-easily-as-pregnancy/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Information Technology: FDA Has Taken Steps to Address Challenges but Needs a Comprehensive Strategic Plan; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2015;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wadhwa, P.H. Secure Building Automation System Using Tesla Protocol. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S. Attackers Pillage Moscow Art Gallery and Beat Activist Owner. New York Times 2006, A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Proceedings
ISSN (online)	2504-3900
Scope