How to format your references using the Proceedings citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Proceedings. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schultz, P.H. Planetary Science. Hidden Mars. Science 2007, 318, 1080–1081.

A journal article with 2 authors

Marquis, M.; Tans, P. Climate Change. Carbon Crucible. Science 2008, 320, 460–461.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ohbayashi, M.; Ohki, K.; Miyashita, Y. Conversion of Working Memory to Motor Sequence in the Monkey Premotor Cortex. Science 2003, 301, 233–236.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Geng, X.; Sun, K.; Ji, L.; Zhao, Y. A High-Order Statistical Tensor Based Algorithm for Anomaly Detection in Hyperspectral Imagery. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 6869.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Buckel, W.; Kleiner, R. Supraleitung; Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA: Weinheim, Germany, 2012; ISBN 9783527668670.

An edited book

Service-Oriented Computing - ICSOC 2011 Workshops: ICSOC 2011, International Workshops WESOA, NFPSLAM-SOC, and Satellite Events, Paphos, Cyprus, December 5-8, 2011. Revised Selected Papers; Pallis, G., Jmaiel, M., Charfi, A., Graupner, S., Karabulut, Y., Guinea, S., Rosenberg, F., Sheng, Q.Z., Pautasso, C., Mokhtar, S.B., Eds.; Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012; Vol. 7221; ISBN 9783642318740.

A chapter in an edited book

Ünsal, A.; Karaman, C.Z. Renal Calculus Disease. In Genitourinary Radiology: Kidney, Bladder and Urethra: The Pathologic Basis; Dogra, V.S., MacLennan, G.T., Eds.; Springer: London, 2013; pp. 121–144 ISBN 9781848002449.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Proceedings.

Blog post

Andrews, R. Germany To Reduce Carbon Emissions By 95 Percent by 2050 Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/germany-reduce-carbon-emissions-95-percent-2050/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Health and Human Services’ Estimate of Health Care Cost Savings Resulting from the Use of Information Technology; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2005;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wu, D.-M.C. Function and Regulation of Drosophila Myc during Wing Growth. Doctoral dissertation, Columbia University: New York, NY, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, B. Boone. New York Times 2017, C10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Proceedings
ISSN (online)	2504-3900
Scope