How to format your references using the Politics, Groups, and Identities citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Politics, Groups, and Identities. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Artaxo, Paulo. 2012. “Break down Boundaries in Climate Research.” Nature 481 (7381): 239.

A journal article with 2 authors

Burns, C. Geoffrey, and Caroline E. Burns. 2014. “Development. A Crowning Achievement for Deciphering Coronary Origins.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 345 (6192): 28–29.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shen, Y., R. Buick, and D. E. Canfield. 2001. “Isotopic Evidence for Microbial Sulphate Reduction in the Early Archaean Era.” Nature 410 (6824): 77–81.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Wittenburg, N., S. Eimer, B. Lakowski, S. Röhrig, C. Rudolph, and R. Baumeister. 2000. “Presenilin Is Required for Proper Morphology and Function of Neurons in C. Elegans.” Nature 406 (6793): 306–309.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Korst, Jan, and Verus Pronk. 2006. Multimedia Storage and Retrieval. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Hendrit, Paul F., ed. 2006. Biological Invasions Belowground: Earthworms as Invasive Species. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Sun, Jianfeng, Xiang Li, and Yuan Zhan. 2011. “The Design of Image Similarity Tool Based on SCILAB.” In Applied Informatics and Communication: International Conference, ICAIC 2011,Xi’an, China, August 20-21, 2011, Proceedings, Part I, edited by Dehuai Zeng, 25–32. Communications in Computer and Information Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Politics, Groups, and Identities.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2014. “Man Claims Tropical Spider Burrowed Under His Skin Via Appendix Scar.” IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1977. Status of the Mariner Jupiter/Saturn 1977 Project. PSAD-77-103. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sindel, Kasey D. 2010. “Can Experiential Education Strategies Improve Elementary Science Teachers’ Perceptions of and Practices in Science Teaching?” Doctoral dissertation, St. Charles, MO: Lindenwood University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Welles, Lauren, and John Leland. 2017. “Coney Island, Ever Changing.” New York Times, July 20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Artaxo 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Artaxo 2012; Burns and Burns 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Burns and Burns 2014)
Three authors: (Shen, Buick, and Canfield 2001)
4 or more authors: (Wittenburg et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Politics, Groups, and Identities
Abbreviation	Polit. Groups Identities
ISSN (print)	2156-5503
ISSN (online)	2156-5511
Scope