How to format your references using the Plant Systematics and Evolution citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Plant Systematics and Evolution. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bignami G (2009) Why we need space travel. Nature 460:325

A journal article with 2 authors

Tarascon JM, Armand M (2001) Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries. Nature 414:359–367

A journal article with 3 authors

Tuff J, Wade J, Wood BJ (2013) Volcanism on Mars controlled by early oxidation of the upper mantle. Nature 498:342–345

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Li Y, Zhong Y, Xu L, et al (2013) Ultrafast synaptic events in a chalcogenide memristor. Sci Rep 3:1619

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Berntsen ES, Thompson J (2015) A Guide to Starting Your Hedge Fund. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Contopoulos I, Gabuzda D, Kylafis N (eds) (2015) The Formation and Disruption of Black Hole Jets. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Hajny J, Malina L (2013) Unlinkable Attribute-Based Credentials with Practical Revocation on Smart-Cards. In: Mangard S (ed) Smart Card Research and Advanced Applications: 11th International Conference, CARDIS 2012, Graz, Austria, November 28-30, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 62–76

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Plant Systematics and Evolution.

Blog post

Luntz S (2016) Vera Rubin, Discoverer Of Dark Matter, Has Died Aged 88. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1996) BART Airport Extension Update. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Melhorn SJ (2009) The microstructure of food intake under conditions of high-fat diet, social stress and social subordination. Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sophia Kishkovsky; Compiled by (2005) Arts, Briefly; Rostropovich Quits Moscow Opera. New York Times E2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bignami 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Tarascon and Armand 2001; Bignami 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tarascon and Armand 2001)
Three or more authors: (Li et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Plant Systematics and Evolution
Abbreviation	Osterr. Bot. Z.
ISSN (print)	0378-2697
ISSN (online)	2199-6881
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Plant Science