How to format your references using the Plant Systematics and Evolution citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Plant Systematics and Evolution. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Silk JB (2006) Behavior. Who are more helpful, humans or chimpanzees? Science 311:1248–1249

A journal article with 2 authors

Behnia R, Munro S (2005) Organelle identity and the signposts for membrane traffic. Nature 438:597–604

A journal article with 3 authors

Ma L, Teruya-Feldstein J, Weinberg RA (2007) Tumour invasion and metastasis initiated by microRNA-10b in breast cancer. Nature 449:682–688

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Liu K, Shen Z-R, Li Y, et al (2014) Solvent induced rapid modulation of micro/nano structures of metal carboxylates coordination polymers: mechanism and morphology dependent magnetism. Sci Rep 4:6023

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Minei I, Lucek J (2006) MPLS-Enabled Applications. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Graziottin A (2011) Vulvodinia: Strategie di diagnosi e cura. Springer, Milano

A chapter in an edited book

Pamies-Rovira J (2012) Moroccan Immigrants at a Secondary School in Catalonia. In: Spinthourakis JA, Lalor J, Berg W (eds) Cultural Diversity in the Classroom: A European Comparison. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden, pp 79–94

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Plant Systematics and Evolution.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Mining For Metals In Society’s Waste. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2009) Aviation Security: Federal Air Marshal Service Has Taken Actions to Fulfill Its Core Mission and Address Workforce Issues, but Additional Actions Are Needed to Improve Workforce Survey. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Haigh CV (2017) More Than Skin Deep: The Impact of Self-Esteem, Desire for Lighter Skin, and Gender on the Mental Health of University Students in Thailand. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B (2017) Film Series. New York Times C26

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Silk 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Behnia and Munro 2005; Silk 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Behnia and Munro 2005)
Three or more authors: (Liu et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Plant Systematics and Evolution
Abbreviation	Osterr. Bot. Z.
ISSN (print)	0378-2697
ISSN (online)	2199-6881
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Plant Science