How to format your references using the Plant Disease citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Plant Disease. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Whyte, M. A. 2005. Palaeoecology: a gigantic fossil arthropod trackway. Nature 438:576.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bianchi, M. E., and Manfredi, A. A. 2009. Immunology. Dangers in and out. Science 323:1683–1684.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bogorad, I. W., Lin, T.-S., and Liao, J. C. 2013. Synthetic non-oxidative glycolysis enables complete carbon conservation. Nature 502:693–697.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Dillin, A., Hsu, A.-L., Arantes-Oliveira, N., Lehrer-Graiwer, J., Hsin, H., Fraser, A. G., Kamath, R. S., Ahringer, J., and Kenyon, C. 2002. Rates of behavior and aging specified by mitochondrial function during development. Science 298:2398–2401.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lütolf-Carroll, C., Antti Pirnes, and Withers LLP. 2009. From Innovation to Cash Flows. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Hull, R., Mendling, J., and Tai, S., eds. 2010. Business Process Management: 8th International Conference, BPM 2010, Hoboken, NJ, USA, September 13-16, 2010. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Kuntze, N., and Schmidt, A. U. 2007. Trusted Ticket Systems and Applications. In New Approaches for Security, Privacy and Trust in Complex Environments: Proceedings of the IFIP TC-11 22nd International Information Security Conference (SEC 2007), 14–16 May 2007, Sandton, South Africa, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, eds. Hein Venter, Mariki Eloff, Les Labuschagne, Jan Eloff, and Rossouw von Solms. Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 49–60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Plant Disease.

Blog post

Davis, J. 2016. How Predictive Are Climate Models? IFLScience. (accessed 30 Oct 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2013. Data Center Consolidation: Strengthened Oversight Needed to Achieve Cost Savings Goal. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bade, L. L. 2010. Extending the benefits of alcohol and drug treatment: An exploration of volunteer utilization and delivery of recovery services. .

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S. 2007. Russia: Oil Company Raises Estimate. New York Times C13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Whyte 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Bianchi and Manfredi 2009; Whyte 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bianchi and Manfredi 2009)
Three or more authors: (Dillin et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Plant Disease
Abbreviation	Plant Dis.
ISSN (print)	0191-2917
Scope	Agronomy and Crop Science Plant Science