How to format your references using the Pediatric Nephrology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatric Nephrology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Holmes N (2008) Immunology. A splicing switch for T cells. Science 321:646–647

A journal article with 2 authors

Rivkin AS, Emery JP (2010) Detection of ice and organics on an asteroidal surface. Nature 464:1322–1323

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhai M, Zhao G, Zhang Q (2002) Is the Dongwanzi complex an Archean ophiolite? Science 295:923

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Chen G-Y, Chen S-L, Li C-M, Chen Y-N (2013) Examining non-locality and quantum coherent dynamics induced by a common reservoir. Sci Rep 3:2514

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rao KR, Bojkovic ZS, Milovanovic DA (2005) Introduction to Multimedia Communications. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Esquinas AM (2010) Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation: Theory, Equipment, and Clinical Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Rhéaume J (2014) Community Development and Empowerment: A Clinical Sociology Perspective. In: Fritz JM, Rhéaume J (eds) Community Intervention: Clinical Sociology Perspectives. Springer, New York, NY, pp 59–72

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatric Nephrology.

Blog post

Taub B (2016) Climate Change Could Wipe Out 60 Percent Of Adélie Penguins This Century, Study Finds. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/climate-change-could-wipe-out-60-percent-of-adlie-penguins-this-century-study-finds/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1985) Gallaudet College and the National Technical Institute for the Deaf. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stadalis MD (2015) Development of a Conceptual Model and Instrument for Sustaining Successful School Reculturing and Reform Efforts. Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly C (2015) When Turning Away Customers Will Help the Bottom Line. New York Times B4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatric Nephrology
Abbreviation	Pediatr. Nephrol.
ISSN (print)	0931-041X
ISSN (online)	1432-198X
Scope	Nephrology Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health