How to format your references using the Paleoceanography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Paleoceanography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Begelman, M. C. (2003). Evidence for black holes. Science (New York, N.Y.), 300(5627), 1898–1903.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wang, L. V., & Hu, S. (2012). Photoacoustic tomography: in vivo imaging from organelles to organs. Science (New York, N.Y.), 335(6075), 1458–1462.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hao, X., Martin-Rouault, L., & Cui, M. (2014). A self-adaptive method for creating high efficiency communication channels through random scattering media. Scientific Reports, 4, 5874.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Varaldi, J., Fouillet, P., Ravallec, M., López-Ferber, M., Boulétreau, M., & Fleury, F. (2003). Infectious behavior in a parasitoid. Science (New York, N.Y.), 302(5652), 1930.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cruz, M. G., Peters, G. W., & Shevchenko, P. V. (2015). Fundamental Aspects of Operational Risk and Insurance Analytics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Leitão, J., & Alves, H. (Eds.). (2016). Entrepreneurial and Innovative Practices in Public Institutions: A Quality of Life Approach. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Casciaro, R. (2005). Computational asymptotic post-buckling analysis of slender elastic structures. In M. Pignataro & V. Gioncu (Eds.), Phenomenological and Mathematical Modelling of Structural Instabilities (pp. 195–276). Vienna: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Paleoceanography.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2015, March 28). The Days on Saturn Just Got Shorter. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1997). Strategic Mobility: Late Deliveries of Large, Medium Speed Roll-On/Roll-Off Ships (No. NSIAD-97-150). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zurheide, P. K. (2009). Hydromorphology of anomalous bright loamy soils on the mid-Atlantic coastal plain (Doctoral dissertation). University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gustines, G. G. (2016, April 21). Zombies Revived in a Walking Dead Digital Comic. New York Times, p. C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Begelman, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Begelman, 2003; Wang & Hu, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wang & Hu, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Varaldi et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Paleoceanography
Abbreviation	Paleoceanography
ISSN (print)	0883-8305
ISSN (online)	1944-9186
Scope	Oceanography Palaeontology