How to format your references using the Paleoceanography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Paleoceanography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Siegel, J. M. (2012). Evolution. Suppression of sleep for mating. Science (New York, N.Y.), 337(6102), 1610–1611.

A journal article with 2 authors

Herzog, M. H., & Fahle, M. (2002). Effects of grouping in contextual modulation. Nature, 415(6870), 433–436.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dulac, C., O’Connell, L. A., & Wu, Z. (2014). Neural control of maternal and paternal behaviors. Science (New York, N.Y.), 345(6198), 765–770.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Zhang, A., Mu, H., Zhang, W., Cui, G., Zhu, J., & Duan, J. (2013). Chitosan coupling makes microbial biofilms susceptible to antibiotics. Scientific Reports, 3, 3364.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety. (2010). Guidelines for Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Carr, B. I., & Steel, J. (Eds.). (2013). Psychological Aspects of Cancer. Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Luo, G., Jin, H. M., Bin, L., Wang, H.-Y., Huang, X., Zhou, H., et al. (2015). Abnormal Development of the Vagina. In L. Zhu, F. Wong, & J. Lang (Eds.), Atlas of Surgical Correction of Female Genital Malformation (pp. 85–206). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Paleoceanography.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, September 23). Destruction of Amazon Rainforest Visible From Space. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1970). Educational Programs in the Public Schools of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (No. 092764). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Vespa, M. C. (2013). System Identification and Compensation Using a Surface-Bristle Deflection Model (Doctoral dissertation). Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G. (2010, October 5). Wilpons First Need To Replace Mind-Set. New York Times, p. B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Siegel, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Herzog & Fahle, 2002; Siegel, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Herzog & Fahle, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Zhang et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Paleoceanography
Abbreviation	Paleoceanography
ISSN (print)	0883-8305
ISSN (online)	1944-9186
Scope	Oceanography Palaeontology