How to format your references using the Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Macilwain, C. 2010. World view: Leaders wanted. Nature 466:919.

A journal article with 2 authors

Semmelhack, J.L. and J.W. Wang. 2009. Select Drosophila glomeruli mediate innate olfactory attraction and aversion. Nature 459:218–223.

A journal article with 3 authors

Locher, K.P., A.T. Lee and D.C. Rees. 2002. The E. coli BtuCD structure: a framework for ABC transporter architecture and mechanism. Science 296:1091–1098.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Johnston, D.T., B.A. Wing, J. Farquhar, A.J. Kaufman, H. Strauss, T.W. Lyons, L.C. Kah and D.E. Canfield. 2005. Active microbial sulfur disproportionation in the Mesoproterozoic. Science 310:1477–1479.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Barnes, T. 2013. Constantine. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford.

An edited book

Mendizabal, J., M. Berbineau, A. Vinel, S. Pfletschinger, H. Bonneville, A. Pirovano, S. Plass, R. Scopigno and H. Aniss (eds). 2016. Communication Technologies for Vehicles: 10th International Workshop, Nets4Cars/Nets4Trains/Nets4Aircraft 2016, San Sebastián, Spain, June 6-7, 2016, Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Laghi, A., P. Paolantonio, M. Rengo and P. Lucchesi. 2010. Artifacts in MR-Angiography. In: E. Neri, M. Cosottini, and D. Caramella (eds.), MR Angiography of the Body. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp.27–33.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences.

Blog post

Andrew, D. 2016. Feed A Virus But Starve Bacteria? When You’re Sick, It May Really Matter. IFLScience. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/feed-a-virus-but-starve-bacteria-when-youre-sick-it-may-really-matter/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1990. Air Traffic Control: Smaller Terminal Systems’ Capacity Requirements Need to Be Defined. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sawant, K.G. 2015. A Chemo-Physical Model for Predicting Post Fracking Pressure Buildup in Pierre Shale. Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Paulson, M. and S. Kishkovsky. 2015. Play About Oscar Wilde Runs Afoul of Kremlin.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Macilwain, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Semmelhack and Wang, 2009; Macilwain, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Semmelhack and Wang, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Johnston et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences
ISSN (print)	0552-9034
ISSN (online)	2076-0906
Scope