How to format your references using the Nordic Journal of Music Therapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nordic Journal of Music Therapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Katz, D. L. (2014). Perspective: Obesity is not a disease. Nature, 508(7496), S57.

A journal article with 2 authors

Watmough, S. A., & Dillon, P. J. (2003). Mycorrhizal weathering in base-poor forests. Nature, 423(6942), 823–824; discussion 824.

A journal article with 3 authors

London, A. J., Kimmelman, J., & Emborg, M. E. (2010). Research ethics. Beyond access vs. protection in trials of innovative therapies. Science (New York, N.Y.), 328(5980), 829–830.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Eustis, S. N., Radisic, D., Bowen, K. H., Bachorz, R. A., Haranczyk, M., Schenter, G. K., & Gutowski, M. (2008). Electron-driven acid-base chemistry: proton transfer from hydrogen chloride to ammonia. Science (New York, N.Y.), 319(5865), 936–939.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Iyengar, S. S., Parameshwaran, N., Phoha, V. V., Balakrishnan, N., & Okoye, C. D. (2010). Fundamentals of Sensor Network Programming. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Elleithy, K., & Sobh, T. (Eds.). (2015). New Trends in Networking, Computing, E-learning, Systems Sciences, and Engineering (Vol. 312). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Sirenko, K., & Sirenko, Y. (2016). The Exact Absorbing Conditions Method in the Analysis of Open Electrodynamic Structures. In Y. Sirenko & L. Velychko (Eds.), Electromagnetic Waves in Complex Systems: Selected Theoretical and Applied Problems (pp. 225–326). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nordic Journal of Music Therapy.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2015, October 26). Parts Of The Persian Gulf Could Be Unsafe For Humans By 2100 Due To Climate Change. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/parts-persian-gulf-could-be-unsafe-humans-2100-due-climate-change/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1990). Aviation Noise: A National Policy is Needed (T-RCED-90-112). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sydow, K. (2010). A life review and Memory Album program to enhance family communication in assisted living [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Higgins, A. (2013, September 11). $24 Million Insurance Paid on Stolen Art. New York Times, A11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Katz, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Katz, 2014; Watmough & Dillon, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Watmough & Dillon, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Eustis et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Nordic Journal of Music Therapy
Abbreviation	Nord. J. Music Ther.
ISSN (print)	0809-8131
ISSN (online)	1944-8260
Scope	Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Complementary and alternative medicine Phychiatric Mental Health Anthropology