How to format your references using the Nano Biomedicine and Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nano Biomedicine and Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hartmann DL. Climate change. Tropical surprises. Science. 2002; 295(5556):811–812.

A journal article with 2 authors

Suits AG, Parker DH. Photochemistry. Hot molecules--off the beaten path. Science. 2014; 346(6205):30–31.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lee H, Habas R, Abate-Shen C. MSX1 cooperates with histone H1b for inhibition of transcription and myogenesis. Science. 2004; 304(5677):1675–1678.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Unal E, Heidinger-Pauli JM, Kim W, Guacci V, Onn I, Gygi SP, et al. A molecular determinant for the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion. Science. 2008; 321(5888):566–569.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Waigh TA. The Physics of Living Processes. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Davidson JK, editor. Models for Computer Aided Tolerancing in Design and Manufacturing: Selected Conference Papers from the 9th CIRP International Seminar on Computer-Aided Tolerancing, held at Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA, 10-12 April, 2005. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Mubarok I, Lee K, Lee S, Lee H. Lightweight Resource Management for DDoS Traffic Isolation in a Cloud Environment. In: Cuppens-Boulahia N, Cuppens F, Jajodia S, Abou El Kalam A, Sans T, editors. ICT Systems Security and Privacy Protection: 29th IFIP TC 11 International Conference, SEC 2014, Marrakech, Morocco, June 2-4, 2014. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014. p. 44–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nano Biomedicine and Engineering.

Blog post

Luntz S. Ancient Monkey Blood Found Fossilized In Amber [Internet]. IFLScience. 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]; Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ancient-monkey-blood-found-fossilized-in-amber/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Transportation Security Administration: High-Level Attention Needed to Strengthen Acquisition Function. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shockley C. Mental health parity law: A policy analysis. 2010;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart JB. Musk Has Trump’s Ear, and Market Takes Note. New York Times. 2017; :B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Nano Biomedicine and Engineering
Abbreviation	Nano Biomed. Eng.
ISSN (online)	2150-5578
Scope	Biomedical Engineering

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