How to format your references using the Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Disorders citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Disorders. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Desiraju GR. Midsummer madness. Nature. 2004;431:25.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Page MT, Hough SE. The New Madrid Seismic Zone: not dead yet. Science. 2014;343:762–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Wang C-W, Ka S-M, Chen A. Robust image registration of biological microscopic images. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6050.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Lee DM, Yeoman RR, Battaglia DE, Stouffer RL, Zelinski-Wooten MB, Fanton JW, et al. Live birth after ovarian tissue transplant. Nature. 2004;428:137–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Pilot MJ. Driving Sustainability to Business Success. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

1. Brown SR, Hartley JE, Hill J, Scott N, Williams JG, editors. Contemporary Coloproctology. London: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Krishnanand KN, Ghose D. Glowworm Swarm Optimization for Searching Higher Dimensional Spaces. In: Lim CP, Jain LC, Dehuri S, editors. Innovations in Swarm Intelligence. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 61–75.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Disorders.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. The Long Reach Of The Past: Did Prehistoric Humans Shape Today’s Ecosystems? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/long-reach-past-did-prehistoric-humans-shape-today-s-ecosystems/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Aircraft Maintenance: Air Force Transferred and Eliminated Tasks to Address Funding Shortfalls. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990 Jun. Report No.: NSIAD-90-114.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Kunihiro AG. The relationship between dietary omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake and colorectal cancer [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Ahmed A, Nunez P, Blinder A. From Haiti to Florida, a Hurricane’s Trail of Disaster and Near Misses. New York Times. 2016 Oct 9;A24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Disorders
Abbreviation	Mult. Scler. Demyelinating Disord.
ISSN (online)	2056-6115
Scope