How to format your references using the Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Disorders citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Disorders. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Murray CB. Materials science. Watching nanocrystals grow. Science. 2009;324:1276–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Vyleta NP, Jonas P. Loose coupling between Ca2+ channels and release sensors at a plastic hippocampal synapse. Science. 2014;343:665–70.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Keppler H, Wiedenbeck M, Shcheka SS. Carbon solubility in olivine and the mode of carbon storage in the Earth’s mantle. Nature. 2003;424:414–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kim Y, Shim H, Kim K, Park H, Jang S, Park Y. Profiling individual human red blood cells using common-path diffraction optical tomography. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6659.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Kunz RG. Environmental Calculations. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

1. Förster K-H, Jonas P, Langer H, Trunk C, editors. Operator Theory in Inner Product Spaces. Basel: Birkhäuser; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Dickman CR. Fences or Ferals? Benefits and Costs of Conservation Fencing in Australia. In: Somers MJ, Hayward M, editors. Fencing for Conservation: Restriction of Evolutionary Potential or a Riposte to Threatening Processes? New York, NY: Springer; 2012. p. 43–63.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Disorders.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. The Huge “Asteroid” Set To Fly Past Earth Today Is Actually A Dead Comet - And It Looks Just Like A Skull! [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/huge-asteroid-set-fly-past-earth-today-actually-dead-comet-and-it-looks-just-skull/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Surface Transportation: Efforts to Address Highway Congestion through Real-Time Traffic Information Systems Are Expanding but Face Implementation Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009 Nov. Report No.: GAO-10-121R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Rice HJ. Before the Storm: Evacuation Intention and Audience Segmentation [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tampa, FL]: University of South Florida; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Sophia Kishkovsky; Compiled by. Arts, Briefly; Bolshoi Opens Controversial Opera. New York Times. 2005 Mar 24;E2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Disorders
Abbreviation	Mult. Scler. Demyelinating Disord.
ISSN (online)	2056-6115
Scope