How to format your references using the Metabolic Brain Disease citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Metabolic Brain Disease. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Slonczewski J (2000) Tuberculosis bacteria join UN. Nature 405:1001

A journal article with 2 authors

Ambraseys N, Bilham R (2011) Corruption kills. Nature 469:153–155

A journal article with 3 authors

Debruyne R, Schwarz C, Poinar H (2008) Comment on “Whole-genome shotgun sequencing of mitochondria from ancient hair shafts.” Science 322:857; author reply 857

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Månsson M, Kalies I, Bergström G, et al (2014) Lp(a) is not associated with diabetes but affects fibrinolysis and clot structure ex vivo. Sci Rep 4:5318

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stratton JA (2015) Electromagnetic Theory. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Bisognano JD, Earley MB, Baker ML (eds) (2009) Manual of Heart Failure Management. Springer, London

A chapter in an edited book

Sutcliffe A (2016) Designing for User Experience and Engagement. In: O’Brien H, Cairns P (eds) Why Engagement Matters: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives of User Engagement in Digital Media. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 105–126

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Metabolic Brain Disease.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Greener But Not Cleaner? How Trees Can Worsen Urban Air Pollution. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/greener-not-cleaner-how-trees-can-worsen-urban-air-pollution-0/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2012) School Improvement Grants: Education Should Take Additional Steps to Enhance Accountability for Schools and Contractors. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sato O (2010) The use of statistical metrics as a decision making tool in brief experimental analysis. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Qiu L (2017) In Prime Time, a Rerun of the President’s Favorite Falsehoods. New York Times A14

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Slonczewski 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Slonczewski 2000; Ambraseys and Bilham 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ambraseys and Bilham 2011)
Three or more authors: (Månsson et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Metabolic Brain Disease
Abbreviation	Metab. Brain Dis.
ISSN (print)	0885-7490
ISSN (online)	1573-7365
Scope	Biochemistry Clinical Neurology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience