How to format your references using the Medicina citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Medicina. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Berg JM. Science policy: Well-funded investigators should receive extra scrutiny. Nature 2012;489:203.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Grimmer MR, Costello JF. Cancer: Oncogene brought into the loop. Nature 2016;529:34–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Legramandi MA, Schepens B, Cavagna GA. Running humans attain optimal elastic bounce in their teens. Sci Rep 2013;3:1310.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Lin J-F, Wu J, Zhu J, Mao Z, Said AH, Leu BM, et al. Abnormal elastic and vibrational behaviors of magnetite at high pressures. Sci Rep 2014;4:6282.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Alexandrovna MI, Ionin BI, Tebby JC. Alkynes in Cycloadditions. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Pieth M, Ivory R, editors. Corporate Criminal Liability: Emergence, Convergence, and Risk. vol. 9. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Savin-Baden M, Wimpenny K. Issues of Analysis, Intepretation and Repesentation. In: Wimpenny K, editor. A Practical Guide to Arts-related Research, Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2014, p. 63–79.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Medicina.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Surfer Narrowly Avoids Being Killed By Shark Live On Camera. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Army ADP Procurement: Contracting and Market Share Information. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Blumenthal PM. Local Land Use Regulatory Regimes and Residential Development Outcomes: An Analysis of Subdivision Review in Four Counties in the DC Region. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Walsh MW. In Congress, a Bill Seeks to Tie Municipal Borrowing Power to Public Pension Disclosure. New York Times 2013:B4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Medicina
Abbreviation	Medicina (Kaunas)
ISSN (print)	1010-660X
Scope	General Medicine