How to format your references using the Marine Geology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Geology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stewart, M., 2003. Structural biology. Nuclear trafficking. Science 302, 1513–1514.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cossart, P., Sansonetti, P.J., 2004. Bacterial invasion: the paradigms of enteroinvasive pathogens. Science 304, 242–248.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chadderton, P., Margrie, T.W., Häusser, M., 2004. Integration of quanta in cerebellar granule cells during sensory processing. Nature 428, 856–860.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Goulielmakis, E., Loh, Z.-H., Wirth, A., Santra, R., Rohringer, N., Yakovlev, V.S., Zherebtsov, S., Pfeifer, T., Azzeer, A.M., Kling, M.F., Leone, S.R., Krausz, F., 2010. Real-time observation of valence electron motion. Nature 466, 739–743.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Joseph, C.L., Bernal, S., 2016. Modern Devices. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Emmons, H., 2013. Flow Shop Scheduling: Theoretical Results, Algorithms, and Applications, International Series in Operations Research & Management Science. Springer US, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Hitch, J.D., 2016. Considerations on the Transnationality of International Commercial Arbitration Awards in the Context of the Demand for Legal Certainty, in: Fenwick, M., Wrbka, S. (Eds.), Legal Certainty in a Contemporary Context: Private and Criminal Law Perspectives. Springer, Singapore, pp. 61–67.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Geology.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. 20-Year-Old To Launch World’s First Ocean Cleaning System In 2016 [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/environment/20-year-old-launch-world-s-first-ocean-cleaning-system-2016/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1977. Changing Patterns of Federal Aid to State and Local Governments, 1969-75 (No. PAD-78-15). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Frederique, N.P., 2010. The effectiveness of school based intensive probation for reducing recidivism: An evaluation of Maryland’s Spotlight on Schools program (Doctoral dissertation). University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Leland, J., 2017. Faith and Family, in Transition. New York Times MB1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stewart, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Cossart and Sansonetti, 2004; Stewart, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cossart and Sansonetti, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Goulielmakis et al., 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Geology
Abbreviation	Mar. Geol.
ISSN (print)	0025-3227
Scope	Geochemistry and Petrology Geology Oceanography