How to format your references using the Liver Transplantation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Liver Transplantation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Feibelman PJ. Partial dissociation of water on Ru(0001). Science. 2002 Jan 4;295(5552):99–102.

A journal article with 2 authors

Little DP, Jeanson ML. DNA barcode authentication of saw palmetto herbal dietary supplements. Sci Rep. 2013 Dec 17;3:3518.

A journal article with 3 authors

Tang C, Schwieters CD, Clore GM. Open-to-closed transition in apo maltose-binding protein observed by paramagnetic NMR. Nature. 2007 Oct 25;449(7165):1078–82.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Konishi S, Izawa T, Lin SY, Ebana K, Fukuta Y, Sasaki T, et al. An SNP caused loss of seed shattering during rice domestication. Science. 2006 Jun 2;312(5778):1392–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zepernick HJ, Finger A. Pseudo Random Signal Processing. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd,.; 2005.

An edited book

Kurosu M, editor. Human Centered Design: Second International Conference, HCD 2011, Held as Part of HCI International 2011, Orlando, FL, USA, July 9-14, 2011. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. XIV, 609 p. 269 illus., 169 illus. in color. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 6776).

A chapter in an edited book

Nöth E, Steidl S, Schuster M. Communication Disorders and Speech Technology. In: Matoušek V, Mautner P, editors. Text, Speech and Dialogue: 12th International Conference, TSD 2009, Pilsen, Czech Republic, September 13-17, 2009 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 15–15. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Liver Transplantation.

Blog post

Davis J. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Oldest Known Neanderthal Construction Found In French Cave Is 176,000 Years Old. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/structures-built-neanderthals-discovered-french-cave/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. WMATA’s Administrative Costs and Largo Extension. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996 May. Report No.: RCED-96-132R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Soto M. Barriers among Hispanic adults on dialysis that affect medication compliance [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. Staying on the Island, but Moving a World Away. New York Times. 2014 Oct 11;SP4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Liver Transplantation
ISSN (print)	1527-64731527-6465
Scope