How to format your references using the Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Goymer, P.: Sustainable ecosystems and society. Nature. 515, 49 (2014)

A journal article with 2 authors

Denchi, E.L., de Lange, T.: Protection of telomeres through independent control of ATM and ATR by TRF2 and POT1. Nature. 448, 1068–1071 (2007)

A journal article with 3 authors

Kim, J.-H., Yoneya, M., Yokoyama, H.: Tristable nematic liquid-crystal device using micropatterned surface alignment. Nature. 420, 159–162 (2002)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bakal, C., Aach, J., Church, G., Perrimon, N.: Quantitative morphological signatures define local signaling networks regulating cell morphology. Science. 316, 1753–1756 (2007)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Davies, J.: Implementing SSL/TLS Using Cryptography and PKI. Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA (2010)

An edited book

Ahmad, K., Brewster, C., Stevenson, M. eds: Words and Intelligence I: Selected Papers by Yorick Wilks. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht (2007)

A chapter in an edited book

Schwartz, D., Haider, A.: Studying Surgical Disparities: It’s Not All Black and White. In: Dimick, J.B. and Greenberg, C.C. (eds.) Success in Academic Surgery: Health Services Research. pp. 47–61. Springer, London (2014)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Chromosome Errors Cause Many Pregnancies To End Before They Are Even Detected, https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/chromosome-errors-cause-many-pregnancies-end-they-are-even-detected/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Aviation Research: Information on FAA’s Research, Engineering, and Development Program. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1989)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Roberts, D.M.: Resilience in Physically Maltreated Adolescents: Interpersonally Related Protective Factors and Gender Differences, (2017)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L.: Justices Back Underwriters On New Issues, (2007)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing
Abbreviation	Lasers Manuf. Mater. Process.
ISSN (print)	2196-7229
ISSN (online)	2196-7237
Scope

Research and Writing Guides