How to format your references using the Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Meystre, P.: Physics. Cool vibrations. Science. 333, 832–833 (2011)

A journal article with 2 authors

Convey, P., Stevens, M.I.: Ecology. Antarctic biodiversity. Science. 317, 1877–1878 (2007)

A journal article with 3 authors

Yang, Z., Watanabe, S., Kato, T.: The irradiation effect of a simultaneous laser and electron dual-beam on void formation. Sci. Rep. 3, 1201 (2013)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Liu, J., Wang, X.-P., Cho, S., Lim, B.K., Irwin, D.M., Ryder, O.A., Zhang, Y.-P., Yu, L.: Evolutionary and functional novelty of pancreatic ribonuclease: a study of Musteloidea (order Carnivora). Sci. Rep. 4, 5070 (2014)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Elias, H.-G.: Macromolecules. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, D-69451 Weinheim, Germany (2006)

An edited book

Hamdi, M., Hammond, D.C., Nahai, F. eds: Vertical Scar Mammaplasty. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2005)

A chapter in an edited book

Chang, C.-Y., Yeh, T.-K.: From Gene to Education – the Ecng Research Framework. In: Kim, M. and Diong, C.H. (eds.) Biology Education for Social and Sustainable Development. pp. 41–50. SensePublishers, Rotterdam (2012)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing.

Blog post

Davis, J.: U.S. Navy To Limit Sonar Use During Training To Protect Whales And Dolphins, https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/us-navy-limit-use-sonar-during-training-pacific-protect-whales-and-dolphins/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Telecommunications: Uneven Implementation of Wireless Enhanced 911 Raises Prospect of Piecemeal Availability for Years to Come. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2003)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dobson, E.C.: Elizabeth C. Dobson Consulting and Design: A business plan for aging-in-place resources, (2012)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Burghardt, L.F.: For Police Recruits, Training in Tolerance, (2007)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing
Abbreviation	Lasers Manuf. Mater. Process.
ISSN (print)	2196-7229
ISSN (online)	2196-7237
Scope

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