How to format your references using the Laser Physics Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Laser Physics Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Berry B 2013 Teacherpreneurs: a bold brand of teacher leadership for 21st-century teaching and learning Science 340 309–10

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Zinkernagel R M and Hengartner H 2001 Regulation of the immune response by antigen Science 293 251–3

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Efferson C, Lalive R and Fehr E 2008 The coevolution of cultural groups and ingroup favoritism Science 321 1844–9

A journal article with 99 or more authors

[1]

Smith M D, Roheim C A, Crowder L B, Halpern B S, Turnipseed M, Anderson J L, Asche F, Bourillón L, Guttormsen A G, Khan A, Liguori L A, McNevin A, O’Connor M I, Squires D, Tyedmers P, Brownstein C, Carden K, Klinger D H, Sagarin R and Selkoe K A 2010 Economics. Sustainability and global seafood Science 327 784–6

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Ruckmongathan T N 2014 Addressing Techniques of Liquid Crystal Displays (Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd)

An edited book

[1]

Galicki K and Simanca S R 2009 Riemannian Topology and Geometric Structures on Manifolds vol 271 (Boston, MA: Birkhäuser)

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Sheng M 2008 Synapse Loss, Synaptic Plasticity and the Postsynaptic Density Synaptic Plasticity and the Mechanism of Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Perspectives in Alzheimer’s Disease ed D J Selkoe, A Triller and Y Christen (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer) pp 51–62

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Laser Physics Letters.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E 2015 Five Amazing Extinct Creatures That Aren’t Dinosaurs IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office 1987 [Comments on Proposed Oregon Purchase of Rail Line With Oil Overcharge Settlement] (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Gleason R 2013 Nanosphere lithography applied to magnetic thin films Doctoral dissertation (Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Crow K 2001 Refurbishing a Courthouse, If Not Its Reputation New York Times 144

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Laser Physics Letters
Abbreviation	Laser Phys. Lett.
ISSN (print)	1612-2011
ISSN (online)	1612-202X
Scope	Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) Instrumentation