How to format your references using the Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kreeger, K. (2002). Training programmes with vision. Nature, 417(6887), 5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jellinek, A. M., & Manga, M. (2002). The influence of a chemical boundary layer on the fixity, spacing and lifetime of mantle plumes. Nature, 418(6899), 760–763.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rawson, P. D., Yund, P. O., & Lindsay, S. M. (2007). Comment on “Divergent induced responses to an invasive predator in marine mussel populations.” Science (New York, N.Y.), 316(5821), 53; author reply 53.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Mitrofanov, I. G., Sanin, A. B., Boynton, W. V., Chin, G., Garvin, J. B., Golovin, D., Evans, L. G., Harshman, K., Kozyrev, A. S., Litvak, M. L., Malakhov, A., Mazarico, E., McClanahan, T., Milikh, G., Mokrousov, M., Nandikotkur, G., Neumann, G. A., Nuzhdin, I., Sagdeev, R., … Zuber, M. T. (2010). Hydrogen mapping of the lunar south pole using the LRO neutron detector experiment LEND. Science (New York, N.Y.), 330(6003), 483–486.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Singh, J. (2017). Functional Software Size Measurement Methodology with Effort Estimation and Performance Indication. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Eckhardt, B. (Ed.). (2009). Advances in Turbulence XII: Proceedings of the 12th EUROMECH European Turbulence Conference, September 7-10, 2009, Marburg, Germany (Vol. 132). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Hussain, M., Muhammad, S., Malik, R. N., Khan, M. U., & Farooq, U. (2014). Status of Heavy Metal Residues in Fish Species of Pakistan. In D. M. Whitacre (Ed.), Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology volume: With Cumulative and Comprehensive Index Subjects Covered Volumes 221-230 (pp. 111–132). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2017, June 6). These Two Planets Should Be Identical But They’re Not. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1990). Information Technology: DOD’s Federal Logistics Data on Compact Disc Program (NSIAD-90-101). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Eldridge, R. L. (2012). A Comparative Quantitative Study of Private College Audit Fee Behavior in a Highly Regulated Environment [Doctoral dissertation]. Northcentral University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Milhollin, G., & Motz, K. (2004, March 4). Nukes “R” Us. New York Times, A29.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kreeger, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Jellinek & Manga, 2002; Kreeger, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jellinek & Manga, 2002)
Three authors: (Rawson et al., 2007)
6 or more authors: (Mitrofanov et al., 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change
Abbreviation	J. Tour. Cult. Chang.
ISSN (print)	1476-6825
ISSN (online)	1747-7654
Scope	Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management Nature and Landscape Conservation Geography, Planning and Development Transportation Cultural Studies