How to format your references using the Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chandler, David. 2002. “Hydrophobicity: Two Faces of Water.” Nature 417 (6888): 491.

A journal article with 2 authors

Di Noia, Javier, and Michael S. Neuberger. 2002. “Altering the Pathway of Immunoglobulin Hypermutation by Inhibiting Uracil-DNA Glycosylase.” Nature 419 (6902): 43–48.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wittlinger, Matthias, Rüdiger Wehner, and Harald Wolf. 2006. “The Ant Odometer: Stepping on Stilts and Stumps.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 312 (5782): 1965–1967.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Monnappa, Ajay K., Mohammed Dwidar, Jeong Kon Seo, Jin-Hoe Hur, and Robert J. Mitchell. 2014. “Bdellovibrio Bacteriovorus Inhibits Staphylococcus Aureus Biofilm Formation and Invasion into Human Epithelial Cells.” Scientific Reports 4 (January): 3811.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cavalla, David. 2015. Off-Label Prescribing - Justifying Unapproved Medicine. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Ecker, Wolfgang, Wolfgang Müller, and Rainer Dömer, eds. 2009. Hardware-Dependent Software: Principles and Practice. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Ardabili, Parinaz Naghizadeh, and Mingyan Liu. 2012. “Establishing Network Reputation via Mechanism Design.” In Game Theory for Networks: Third International ICST Conference, GameNets 2012, Vancouver, BC, Canada, May 24-26, 2012, Revised Selected Papers, edited by Vikram Krishnamurthy, Qing Zhao, Minyi Huang, and Yonggang Wen, 47–62. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. “No Bones About It: Sharks Evolved Cartilage For A Reason.” IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1999. Space Transportation: Progress of the X-33 Reusable Launch Vehicle Program. T-NSIAD-99-243. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Garcia-Benitez, Carol. 2010. “Support Program to Facilitate Achievement for Emancipated Foster Youth to Succeed in College.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Neal, Linda. 2010. “Quotation of the Day.” New York Times, April 7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chandler 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Chandler 2002; Di Noia and Neuberger 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Di Noia and Neuberger 2002)
Three authors: (Wittlinger, Wehner, and Wolf 2006)
4 or more authors: (Monnappa et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy
Abbreviation	J. Asia Pac. Econ.
ISSN (print)	1354-7860
ISSN (online)	1469-9648
Scope	Development Geography, Planning and Development Political Science and International Relations