How to format your references using the Journal of the American Heart Association citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of the American Heart Association (JAHA). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P. The best years of our lives. Nature. 2004;430:121.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ruocco G, Fratalocchi A. Period doubling induced by thermal noise amplification in genetic circuits. Sci Rep. 2014;4:7088.

A journal article with 3 authors

Horváth J, Szalai I, De Kepper P. An experimental design method leading to chemical Turing patterns. Science. 2009;324:772–775.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kmita M, Tarchini B, Zàkàny J, Logan M, Tabin CJ, Duboule D. Early developmental arrest of mammalian limbs lacking HoxA/HoxD gene function. Nature. 2005;435:1113–1116.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Brown T, Andrews GJ, Cummins S, Greenhough B, Lewis D, Power A. Health Geographies. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2017.

An edited book

Longuski JM. Optimal Control with Aerospace Applications. New York, NY: Springer; 2014: 1-XX, 273 p. 91 illus.

A chapter in an edited book

Bault J-P, Loeuillet L. Tips and Traps. In: Loeuillet L, ed. The Normal and Pathological Fetal Brain: Ultrasonographic Features. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015: 131–134.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of the American Heart Association.

Blog post

Luntz S. Meltwater Moves A Bridge Too Far. IFLScience. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/environment/meltwater-moves-bridge-too-far/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Telecommunications: Broadband Deployment Plan Should Include Performance Goals and Measures to Guide Federal Investment. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Banerjee S. A mathematical model for the transition in firing patterns across puberty of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron. 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

St. John Kelly E. Almost Tudor Interior, but Ignoble Facade. New York Times.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of the American Heart Association
Abbreviation	J. Am. Heart Assoc.
ISSN (online)	2047-9980
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine