How to format your references using the Journal of Risk and Uncertainty citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Risk and Uncertainty. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Braun, D. M. (2012). Plant science. SWEET! The pathway is complete. Science (New York, N.Y.), 335(6065), 173–174.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dennis, C., & Byrne, N. (2004). Harvesting biotechnology. Nature, 429(6991 Suppl), 1.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nguyen, V. Q., Co, C., & Li, J. J. (2001). Cyclin-dependent kinases prevent DNA re-replication through multiple mechanisms. Nature, 411(6841), 1068–1073.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Wittkopp, P. J., Stewart, E. E., Arnold, L. L., Neidert, A. H., Haerum, B. K., Thompson, E. M., et al. (2009). Intraspecific polymorphism to interspecific divergence: genetics of pigmentation in Drosophila. Science (New York, N.Y.), 326(5952), 540–544.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Toy, M. (2012). Networks and Services. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Degano, P., & Guttman, J. D. (Eds.). (2012). Principles of Security and Trust: First International Conference, POST 2012, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2012, Tallinn, Estonia, March 24 - April 1, 2012, Proceedings (Vol. 7215). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Canelas, A. M. L., Neves, R. F. M. F., & Horta, N. C. G. (2013). Results. In R. F. M. F. Neves & N. C. G. Horta (Eds.), Investment Strategies Optimization based on a SAX-GA Methodology (pp. 59–78). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Risk and Uncertainty.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2017, May 31). Humans Might Have A Sense Of Taste For Water. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/humans-might-have-a-sense-of-taste-for-water/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1985). Information on the Energy Information Administration’s Financial Reporting System (No. RCED-85-51). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hofmann, R. (2010). The fascist reflection Japan and Italy, 1919-1950 (Doctoral dissertation). Columbia University, New York, NY.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Isaac, M. (2017, July 25). SoftBank of Japan Is Said to Be Weighing an Investment in Uber. New York Times, p. B4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Braun 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Braun 2012; Dennis and Byrne 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dennis and Byrne 2004)
Three or more authors: (Wittkopp et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Risk and Uncertainty
Abbreviation	J. Risk Uncertain.
ISSN (print)	0895-5646
ISSN (online)	1573-0476
Scope	Accounting Economics and Econometrics Finance