How to format your references using the Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lee PA (2000) High-temperature superconductors. Some vortices like it hot. Nature 406:467–468

A journal article with 2 authors

Gubin MM, Schreiber RD (2015) CANCER. The odds of immunotherapy success. Science 350:158–159

A journal article with 3 authors

Hasty J, McMillen D, Collins JJ (2002) Engineered gene circuits. Nature 420:224–230

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Lipton SA, Nakamura T, Yao D, et al (2005) Comment on “S-nitrosylation of parkin regulates ubiquitination and compromises parkin’s protective function.” Science 308:1870; author reply 1870

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tagliamonte SA (2015) Making Waves. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Blauert J (2009) Acoustics for Engineers: Troy Lectures. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Reimann P (2015) Testing Times: Data and Their (Mis-)Use in Schools. In: Proctor H, Brownlee P, Freebody P (eds) Controversies in Education: Orthodoxy and Heresy in Policy and Practice. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 39–53

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation.

Blog post

Taub B (2016) Smoking Cannabis While Pregnant May Increase Chance Of Babies Entering Intensive Care. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/smoking-cannabis-while-pregnant-increases-chance-babies-entering-intensive-care/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1997) Education and Employment Issue Area: Active Assignments. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pathak A (2006) The Role of the Protein Phosphatase 1 Inhibitor-1 In Regulation of Murine Cardiac Physiology and Progression of Cardiomyopathy. Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Silver-Greenberg J, Protess B, Corkery M (2017) Deal With Saudis Underlines Benefits of Backing President. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lee 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Lee 2000; Gubin and Schreiber 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gubin and Schreiber 2015)
Three or more authors: (Lipton et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
Abbreviation	J. Pharm. Investig.
ISSN (print)	2093-5552
ISSN (online)	2093-6214
Scope	Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) Pharmaceutical Science