How to format your references using the Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gavaghan, H., 2001. Biology moves into the silicon stage. Nature 409, 964.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zaccolo, M., Pozzan, T., 2002. Discrete microdomains with high concentration of cAMP in stimulated rat neonatal cardiac myocytes. Science 295, 1711–1715.

A journal article with 3 authors

Baer, B., Armitage, S.A.O., Boomsma, J.J., 2006. Sperm storage induces an immunity cost in ants. Nature 441, 872–875.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bartels, C., Hock, C., Huwer, J., Kuhnen, R., Schwöbel, J., von Issendorff, B., 2009. Probing the angular momentum character of the valence orbitals of free sodium nanoclusters. Science 323, 1323–1327.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jakubith, M., 1998. Grundoperationen und chemische Reaktionstechnik. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG.

An edited book

Garcke, J., Pflüger, D. (Eds.), 2016. Sparse Grids and Applications - Stuttgart 2014, 1st ed. 2016. ed, Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Latting, J.W., Spritzer, C.E., 2016. Sports Medicine of the Foot & Ankle, the Role of Imaging, in: Valderrabano, V., Easley, M. (Eds.), Foot and Ankle Sports Orthopaedics. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 49–61.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering.

Blog post

Carpineti, A., 2015. Astronomers Have Discovered The Oldest Stars In Our Galaxy [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/discovery-ancient-stars-sheds-light-primordial-hypernovae/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2000. Cooperative Research: Results of U.S.-Industry Partnership to Develop a New Generation of Vehicles (No. RCED-00-81). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bravo, M., 2015. The development of a viable business plan: Analytics of 30 day readmission rates for hospitals and ancillary services (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L., 2008. Increase in Heroin Use Leads to Proposed Laws. New York Times LI6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gavaghan, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Gavaghan, 2001; Zaccolo and Pozzan, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zaccolo and Pozzan, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Bartels et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering
Abbreviation	J. Pet. Sci. Eng.
ISSN (print)	0920-4105
Scope	Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Fuel Technology