How to format your references using the Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mitrofanov IG. Astrophysics: a constraint on canonical quantum gravity? Nature. 2003;426(6963):139.

A journal article with 2 authors

Quist D, Chapela IH. Transgenic DNA introgressed into traditional maize landraces in Oaxaca, Mexico. Nature. 2001;414(6863):541-543.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shevenell AE, Kennett JP, Lea DW. Middle Miocene Southern Ocean cooling and Antarctic cryosphere expansion. Science. 2004;305(5691):1766-1770.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Van Raamsdonk CD, Bezrookove V, Green G, et al. Frequent somatic mutations of GNAQ in uveal melanoma and blue naevi. Nature. 2009;457(7229):599-602.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Benslama M, Batatia H, Messai A. Transitions from Digital Communications to Quantum Communications. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

Horton K. Ethical Questions and International NGOs: An Exchange between Philosophers and NGOs. Vol 23. (Roche C, Horton K, eds.). Springer Netherlands; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Helmers J, Rückmann JJ, Werner R. Tight Semi-model-free Bounds on (Bilateral) CVA. In: Glau K, Grbac Z, Scherer M, Zagst R, eds. Innovations in Derivatives Markets: Fixed Income Modeling, Valuation Adjustments, Risk Management, and Regulation. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics. Springer International Publishing; 2016:83-101.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing.

Blog post

Andrew E. Stars With Planets On Strange Orbits: What’s Going On? IFLScience. June 4, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/stars-planets-strange-orbits-what-s-going/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. NASA Contract Management: Improving the Use of DCAA’s Auditing Services. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yanez AM. Chicano and Black Radical Activism of the 1960s: A Comparison between the Brown Berets and the Black Panther Party in California. Doctoral dissertation. University of California San Diego; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY JC Jr. Man Charged With Murder In Shooting At Rap Show. New York Times. July 13, 2017:A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing
Abbreviation	J. Perianesth. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	1089-9472
Scope	Medical–Surgical