How to format your references using the Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sheppard, C. R. C. (2003). Predicted recurrences of mass coral mortality in the Indian Ocean. Nature, 425(6955), 294–297.

A journal article with 2 authors

Scharlemann, J. P. W., & Laurance, W. F. (2008). Environmental science. How green are biofuels? Science (New York, N.Y.), 319(5859), 43–44.

A journal article with 3 authors

Koga, K., Tanaka, H., & Zeng, X. C. (2000). First-order transition in confined water between high-density liquid and low-density amorphous phases. Nature, 408(6812), 564–567.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Lendvai, B., Stern, E. A., Chen, B., & Svoboda, K. (2000). Experience-dependent plasticity of dendritic spines in the developing rat barrel cortex in vivo. Nature, 404(6780), 876–881.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schwartz, P., & Kempner, M. (2015). 50 Great Myths of Human Sexuality. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Vovk, V., Papadopoulos, H., & Gammerman, A. (Eds.). (2015). Measures of Complexity: Festschrift for Alexey Chervonenkis (1st ed. 2015). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Moulart, R., & Rotinat, R. (2016). Evaluation of the Penalized Least Squares Method for Strain Computation. In C. Sciammarella, J. Considine, & P. Gloeckner (Eds.), Experimental and Applied Mechanics, Volume 4: Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics (pp. 43–50). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2016, October 19). Watch Live As ESA Attempts To Land On Mars. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1999). Year 2000 Computing Challenge: Readiness Improving Yet Avoiding Disruption of Critical Services Will Require Additional Work (T-AIMD-99-233). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Watkins, D. (2008). The common factors between coaching cultures and transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and high-performance organizational cultures [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Loomis, G. (2012, August 17). Three Operas by Rossini Make Italian Festival Well Worth the Trip. New York Times, 0.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Sheppard, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Scharlemann & Laurance, 2008; Sheppard, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Scharlemann & Laurance, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Lendvai et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism
Abbreviation	J. Outdoor Recreat. Tour.
ISSN (print)	2213-0780
Scope	Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management