How to format your references using the Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lloyd, S. (2008). Enhanced sensitivity of photodetection via quantum illumination. Science (New York, N.Y.), 321(5895), 1463–1465.

A journal article with 2 authors

Symington, L. S., & Holloman, W. K. (2004). Molecular biology. New Year’s resolution--resolving resolvases. Science (New York, N.Y.), 303(5655), 184–185.

A journal article with 3 authors

Papp, B., Pál, C., & Hurst, L. D. (2003). Dosage sensitivity and the evolution of gene families in yeast. Nature, 424(6945), 194–197.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Williams, P. M., Fowler, S. B., Best, R. B., Toca-Herrera, J. L., Scott, K. A., Steward, A., & Clarke, J. (2003). Hidden complexity in the mechanical properties of titin. Nature, 422(6930), 446–449.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety. (1992). Guidelines for Auditing Process Safety Management Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Yang, Q., Zhang, J.-M., Zheng, H., & Yao, Y. (Eds.). (2013). Constitutive Modeling of Geomaterials: Advances and New Applications. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Kosheleva, O. (2007). Towards Optimal Compression of Meteorological Data: A Case Study of Using Interval-Motivated Overestimators in Global Optimization. In A. Törn & J. Žilinskas (Eds.), Models and Algorithms for Global Optimization: Essays Dedicated to Antanas Žilinskas on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday (pp. 59–71). Springer US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2016, May 15). Carnivorous Bats Evolved Special Skulls. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/carnivorous-bats-evolved-special-skulls/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1995). Title 6 T&A Data (NASA) (AIMD-95-140R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Aloe-Chase, S. T. (2008). Family member perspectives on collaboration: An exploratory study [Doctoral dissertation]. Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rashbaum, W. K., & Kaplan, T. (2015, January 22). U.S. Says Assembly Speaker Took Millions in Payoffs, Abusing Office. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lloyd, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Lloyd, 2008; Symington & Holloman, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Symington & Holloman, 2004)
Three authors: (Papp et al., 2003)
6 or more authors: (Williams et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism
Abbreviation	J. Outdoor Recreat. Tour.
ISSN (print)	2213-0780
Scope	Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management