How to format your references using the Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Scudellari, M. (2015). Drug development: Mix and match. Nature, 521(7551), S12-4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gao, Y., & Bando, Y. (2002). Carbon nanothermometer containing gallium. Nature, 415(6872), 599.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wang, C., Shim, M., & Guyot-Sionnest, P. (2001). Electrochromic nanocrystal quantum dots. Science (New York, N.Y.), 291(5512), 2390–2392.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Horner-Devine, M. C., Lage, M., Hughes, J. B., & Bohannan, B. J. M. (2004). A taxa-area relationship for bacteria. Nature, 432(7018), 750–753.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lalanne, C. (2014). Mechanical Shock. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Ebermann, H.-J., & Scheiderer, J. (Eds.). (2013). Human Factors on the Flight Deck: Safe Piloting Behaviour in Practice. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Wilczenski, F. L., & Coomey, S. M. (2007). Administrative Issues. In S. M. Coomey (Ed.), A Practical Guide to Service Learning: Strategies for Positive Development in Schools (pp. 49–56). Springer US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016, July 8). Earthquake Scientists Have Lost Their Favorite Curb In San Francisco. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/earthquake-scientists-have-lost-their-favorite-curb-in-san-francisco/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1973). Opportunities for Improving Management of Local Telephone Service (B-146864). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Haile, M. D. (2012). A mental health community outreach and education program for Eritrean immigrants: A grant proposal [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K. (2003, March 16). Looking for a Good Word About the Car Alarm. New York Times, 147.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Scudellari, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Gao & Bando, 2002; Scudellari, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gao & Bando, 2002)
Three authors: (Wang et al., 2001)
6 or more authors: (Horner-Devine et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism
Abbreviation	J. Outdoor Recreat. Tour.
ISSN (print)	2213-0780
Scope	Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management