How to format your references using the Journal of Oceanography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Oceanography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Prusiner SB (2002) Historical essay. Discovering the cause of AIDS. Science 298:1726

A journal article with 2 authors

Jing J, Wu L-A (2013) Control of decoherence with no control. Sci Rep 3:2746

A journal article with 3 authors

Houlié N, Dreger D, Kim A (2014) GPS source solution of the 2004 Parkfield earthquake. Sci Rep 4:3646

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Liu F, Marquardt S, Lister C, et al (2010) Targeted 3’ processing of antisense transcripts triggers Arabidopsis FLC chromatin silencing. Science 327:94–97

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ho RJY, Gibaldi M (2003) Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Lepri S (ed) (2016) Thermal Transport in Low Dimensions: From Statistical Physics to Nanoscale Heat Transfer. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Clarke A (2007) Designing for Outside the Box. In: Boulton M, Clarke A, Collison S, et al. (eds) Web Standards Creativity: Innovations in Web Design with XHTML, CSS, and DOM Scripting. Apress, Berkeley, CA, pp 78–107

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Oceanography.

Blog post

Luntz S (2014) Faster, Better Hydrogen Production. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/faster-better-hydrogen-production/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2015) Intelligent Transportation Systems: Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Technologies Expected to Offer Benefits, but Deployment Challenges Exist. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kim B (2013) Essays in the Dynamics Bayesian Models in Marketing. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B (2017) Clash of the Titans. New York Times C5

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Prusiner 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Prusiner 2002; Jing and Wu 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jing and Wu 2013)
Three or more authors: (Liu et al. 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Oceanography
Abbreviation	J. Oceanogr.
ISSN (print)	0916-8370
ISSN (online)	1573-868X
Scope	Oceanography