How to format your references using the Journal of Oceanography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Oceanography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bigot B (2015) Nuclear physics: pull together for fusion. Nature 522:149–151

A journal article with 2 authors

Higgins CF, Linton KJ (2001) Structural biology. The xyz of ABC transporters. Science 293:1782–1784

A journal article with 3 authors

Gill DL, Spassova MA, Soboloff J (2006) Signal transduction. Calcium entry signals--trickles and torrents. Science 313:183–184

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Van Damme R, Wilson RS, Vanhooydonck B, Aerts P (2002) Performance constraints in decathletes. Nature 415:755–756

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tourlakis G (2008) Mathematical Logic. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Corruble V, Takeda M, Suzuki E (eds) (2007) Discovery Science: 10th International Conference, DS 2007 Sendai, Japan, October 1-4, 2007. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Silcox HM-M (2011) The Evolution of Justice in The Oresteia. In: Tymieniecka A-T (ed) Destiny, the Inward Quest, Temporality and Life. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 33–41

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Oceanography.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Ancient Britons Had Wheat 2000 Years Before They Had Farms. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ancient-britons-had-wheat-2000-years-they-had-farms/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1996) General Government Information Systems Issue Area: Active Assignments. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McDuffie CA (2017) Melodies of intervention: Music therapy for transitional-age youth: A grant proposal. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik J (2017) Rich, and a Jerk, but Then, Wait for It . . . New York Times C7

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bigot 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Higgins and Linton 2001; Bigot 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Higgins and Linton 2001)
Three or more authors: (Van Damme et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Oceanography
Abbreviation	J. Oceanogr.
ISSN (print)	0916-8370
ISSN (online)	1573-868X
Scope	Oceanography