How to format your references using the Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zhang X: The epigenetic landscape of plants. Science 320:489–492, 2008

A journal article with 2 authors

Scott IC, Stainier DYR: Development. Fishing out a new heart. Science 298:2141–2142, 2002

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhao Y, Samal E, Srivastava D: Serum response factor regulates a muscle-specific microRNA that targets Hand2 during cardiogenesis. Nature 436:214–220, 2005

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Fong LG, Frost D, Meta M, Qiao X, Yang SH, Coffinier C, et al: A protein farnesyltransferase inhibitor ameliorates disease in a mouse model of progeria. Science 311:1621–1623, 2006

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jain RK, Triandis HC, Weick CW: Managing Research, Development, and Innovation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010

An edited book

Meyer G, Beiker S (eds): Road Vehicle Automation 2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015

A chapter in an edited book

Campuzano F, Mula J: Starting to Model the Supply Chain: Warehouse Management, in Mula J (ed): Supply Chain Simulation: A System Dynamics Approach for Improving Performance. London: Springer, 2011, pp 51–73

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics.

Blog post

Fang J: Make Your Own Droplet Microscope Lens for a Penny. IFLScience:2014 Available: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/make-your-own-droplet-microscope-lens-penny/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Department of Education: Monitoring of State Formula Grants by Office of Special Education Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1991

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zhou Y: Resource Management in Wireless Networks: Queue Management and Scheduling in Mesh Networks and Multi-Access Control in Internetworking Systems. 2010

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Healy J, Kovaleski SF: One Mother, 7 Dead Newborns and a Stunned Community in Utah. New York Times:A18, 2014

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ².
This sentence cites two references ^3,4.
This sentence cites four references ^4,5,7,8.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics
Abbreviation	J. Neurosurg. Pediatr.
ISSN (print)	1933-0707
ISSN (online)	1933-0715
Scope	General Medicine