How to format your references using the Journal of Nephrology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Nephrology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Adami C (2006) Evolution. Reducible complexity. Science 312:61–63

A journal article with 2 authors

Rowe T, Frank LR (2011) The disappearing third dimension. Science 331:712–714

A journal article with 3 authors

Conroy C, van Dokkum PG, Choi J (2015) Ubiquitous time variability of integrated stellar populations. Nature 527:488–491

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zhao H, Qi Y, Wang Y, et al (2014) Interactive contribution of serine/threonine kinase 39 gene multiple polymorphisms to hypertension among northeastern Han Chinese. Sci Rep 4:5116

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Anderson D (2007) TKO Sales! John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Heitjans P, Kärger J (2005) Diffusion in Condensed Matter: Methods, Materials, Models. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Fournais S, Helffer B (2009) Constant Field Models in Dimension 2: Discs and Their Complements. In: Helffer B (ed) Spectral Methods in Surface Superconductivity. Birkhäuser, Boston, MA, pp 51–65

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Nephrology.

Blog post

Fang J (2014) Sexy Peacocks Fly Fine, Even With Extravagant Tails. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/sexy-peacocks-fly-fine-even-extravagant-tails/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2009) National Airspace System: FAA Reauthorization Issues are Critical to System Transformation and Operations. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gill GJ (2009) The experience of family caregiving of the terminally ill: A phenomenological study. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L (2006) 3 Former Executives Of Symbol on Trial. New York Times 14LI2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Nephrology
Abbreviation	J. Nephrol.
ISSN (print)	1121-8428
ISSN (online)	1724-6059
Scope	Nephrology