How to format your references using the Journal of Memory and Language citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Memory and Language. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Le Quéré, C. (2009). Journal club. An oceanographer marvels at the good timing of shrimp. Nature, 461(7267), 1031.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lee, S., & Feldstein, S. B. (2013). Detecting ozone- and greenhouse gas-driven wind trends with observational data. Science (New York, N.Y.), 339(6119), 563–567.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hayden, B. Y., Pearson, J. M., & Platt, M. L. (2009). Fictive reward signals in the anterior cingulate cortex. Science (New York, N.Y.), 324(5929), 948–950.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Weismann, A., Wenderoth, M., Lounis, S., Zahn, P., Quaas, N., Ulbrich, R. G., Dederichs, P. H., & Blügel, S. (2009). Seeing the Fermi surface in real space by nanoscale electron focusing. Science (New York, N.Y.), 323(5918), 1190–1193.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lebowitz, E. R., & Omer, H. (2013). Treating Childhood and Adolescent Anxiety. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Sundmacher, R. (Ed.). (2009). Color Atlas of Herpetic Eye Diseases: A Practical Guide to Clinical Management. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Hraška, V., & Murín, P. (2015). Interruption of the Aortic Arch. In P. Murín (Ed.), Surgical Management of Congenital Heart Disease II: Single Ventricle and Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Aortic Arch Anomalies Septal Defects and Anomalies in Pulmonary Venous Return Anomalies of Thoracic Arteries and Veins A Video Manual (pp. 119–137). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Memory and Language.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, October 24). Little Hedgehog Who Lost His Spikes Being Kept Cozy Until They Grow Back. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/little-hedgehog-who-lost-his-spikes-being-kept-cozy-until-they-grow-back/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1982). Recommendation Concerning Claim by Teacher for Backpay in DOD Overseas Dependents Schools (B-156439(JAB)). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Smith, J. (2012). The work expectations of individuals with developmental disabilities [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Jacoby, S. (2014, December 21). The Golden Rule. New York Times, BR7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Le Quéré, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Le Quéré, 2009; Lee & Feldstein, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lee & Feldstein, 2013)
Three authors: (Hayden et al., 2009)
6 or more authors: (Weismann et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Memory and Language
Abbreviation	J. Mem. Lang.
ISSN (print)	0749-596X
Scope	Language and Linguistics Artificial Intelligence Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Linguistics and Language