How to format your references using the Journal of Memory and Language citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Memory and Language. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Koentges, G. (2008). Evolution of anatomy and gene control. Nature, 451(7179), 658–663.

A journal article with 2 authors

Joseph, S. B., & Swanstrom, R. (2014). HIV/AIDS. A fitness bottleneck in HIV-1 transmission. Science (New York, N.Y.), 345(6193), 136–137.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hata, S., Nakao, H., & Mikhailov, A. S. (2014). Dispersal-induced destabilization of metapopulations and oscillatory Turing patterns in ecological networks. Scientific Reports, 4, 3585.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Zhang, J., Song, X., Li, Y., Richards, P. G., Sun, X., & Waldhauser, F. (2005). Inner core differential motion confirmed by earthquake waveform doublets. Science (New York, N.Y.), 309(5739), 1357–1360.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sage, A. P., & Rouse, W. B. (2011). Economic Systems Analysis and Assessment. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Williams, J. H., & Bokhorst-Heng, W. D. (Eds.). (2016). (Re)Constructing Memory: Textbooks, Identity, Nation, and State. SensePublishers.

A chapter in an edited book

Chen, C., Chen, J., Lim, H. W., Zhang, Z., & Feng, D. (2012). Combined Public-Key Schemes: The Case of ABE and ABS. In T. Takagi, G. Wang, Z. Qin, S. Jiang, & Y. Yu (Eds.), Provable Security: 6th International Conference, ProvSec 2012, Chengdu, China, September 26-28, 2012. Proceedings (pp. 53–69). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Memory and Language.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2013, November 29). Astronomers Discover Planetary System Much Like Our Own. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2014). Telecommunications: Projects and Policies Related to Deploying Broadband in Unserved and Underserved Areas (GAO-14-409). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stachowiak, D. (2011). How executive coaches use the results of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator to develop their coachees [Doctoral dissertation]. Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L. (2006, October 8). For $37.5 Million, the Piano Man’s Estate. New York Times, 14LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Koentges, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Joseph & Swanstrom, 2014; Koentges, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Joseph & Swanstrom, 2014)
Three authors: (Hata et al., 2014)
6 or more authors: (Zhang et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Memory and Language
Abbreviation	J. Mem. Lang.
ISSN (print)	0749-596X
Scope	Language and Linguistics Artificial Intelligence Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Linguistics and Language