How to format your references using the Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P. Science rocks. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):233.

A journal article with 2 authors

Davies IW, Welch CJ. Looking forward in pharmaceutical process chemistry. Science. 2009 Aug 7;325(5941):701–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Percec V, Ungar G, Peterca M. Chemistry. Self-assembly in action. Science. 2006 Jul 7;313(5783):55–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Abaci HE, Shen YI, Tan S, Gerecht S. Recapitulating physiological and pathological shear stress and oxygen to model vasculature in health and disease. Sci Rep. 2014 May 13;4:4951.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Yavaş M. Applied English Phonology. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.

An edited book

Leitner S, Wall F, editors. Artificial Economics and Self Organization: Agent-Based Approaches to Economics and Social Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. XV, 256 p. 88 illus., 49 illus. in color. (Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems; vol. 669).

A chapter in an edited book

Tribollet A. The boring microflora in modern coral reef ecosystems: a review of its roles. In: Wisshak M, Tapanila L, editors. Current Developments in Bioerosion. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 67–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Key Ingredient For Life Discovered On Mars [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/compounds-important-life-discovered-mars/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Lessons Learned for Protecting and Educating Children after the Gulf Coast Hurricanes. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006 May. Report No.: GAO-06-680R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Boggs BD. An assessment of campus police departments across Mississippi’s public community and junior colleges [Doctoral dissertation]. [Mississippi State, MS]: Mississippi State University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Mets Find Trip to Series Has Cost in Pitching Staff. New York Times. 2016 Aug 25;B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology
Abbreviation	J. Med. Imaging Radiat. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	1754-9477
ISSN (online)	1754-9485
Scope	Oncology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging